Applying Ontologies and Knowledge Augmented Large Language Models to Industrial Automation: A Decision-Making Guidance for Achieving Human-Robot Collaboration in Industry 5.0

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Main Authors: Oyekan, John, Turner, Christopher, Bax, Michael, Graf, Erich
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Oyekan, John
Turner, Christopher
Bax, Michael
Graf, Erich
author_facet Oyekan, John
Turner, Christopher
Bax, Michael
Graf, Erich
contents The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has resulted in interest in their potential applications within manufacturing systems, particularly in the context of Industry 5.0. However, determining when to implement LLMs versus other Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, ontologies or knowledge graphs, remains an open question. This paper offers decision-making guidance for selecting the most suitable technique in various industrial contexts, emphasizing human-robot collaboration and resilience in manufacturing. We examine the origins and unique strengths of LLMs, ontologies, and knowledge graphs, assessing their effectiveness across different industrial scenarios based on the number of domains or disciplines required to bring a product from design to manufacture. Through this comparative framework, we explore specific use cases where LLMs could enhance robotics for human-robot collaboration, while underscoring the continued relevance of ontologies and knowledge graphs in low-dependency or resource-constrained sectors. Additionally, we address the practical challenges of deploying these technologies, such as computational cost and interpretability, providing a roadmap for manufacturers to navigate the evolving landscape of Language based AI tools in Industry 5.0. Our findings offer a foundation for informed decision-making, helping industry professionals optimize the use of Language Based models for sustainable, resilient, and human-centric manufacturing. We also propose a Large Knowledge Language Model architecture that offers the potential for transparency and configuration based on complexity of task and computing resources available.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_18553
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Applying Ontologies and Knowledge Augmented Large Language Models to Industrial Automation: A Decision-Making Guidance for Achieving Human-Robot Collaboration in Industry 5.0
Oyekan, John
Turner, Christopher
Bax, Michael
Graf, Erich
Human-Computer Interaction
Robotics
The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has resulted in interest in their potential applications within manufacturing systems, particularly in the context of Industry 5.0. However, determining when to implement LLMs versus other Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, ontologies or knowledge graphs, remains an open question. This paper offers decision-making guidance for selecting the most suitable technique in various industrial contexts, emphasizing human-robot collaboration and resilience in manufacturing. We examine the origins and unique strengths of LLMs, ontologies, and knowledge graphs, assessing their effectiveness across different industrial scenarios based on the number of domains or disciplines required to bring a product from design to manufacture. Through this comparative framework, we explore specific use cases where LLMs could enhance robotics for human-robot collaboration, while underscoring the continued relevance of ontologies and knowledge graphs in low-dependency or resource-constrained sectors. Additionally, we address the practical challenges of deploying these technologies, such as computational cost and interpretability, providing a roadmap for manufacturers to navigate the evolving landscape of Language based AI tools in Industry 5.0. Our findings offer a foundation for informed decision-making, helping industry professionals optimize the use of Language Based models for sustainable, resilient, and human-centric manufacturing. We also propose a Large Knowledge Language Model architecture that offers the potential for transparency and configuration based on complexity of task and computing resources available.
title Applying Ontologies and Knowledge Augmented Large Language Models to Industrial Automation: A Decision-Making Guidance for Achieving Human-Robot Collaboration in Industry 5.0
topic Human-Computer Interaction
Robotics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.18553