Anomalous supercurrents in the presence of particle losses
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866912397815447552 |
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| author | Ogino, Risa Uchino, Shun |
| author_facet | Ogino, Risa Uchino, Shun |
| contents | We show that supercurrent properties in a superfluid or superconducting junction are significantly modified due to single-particle losses present in a conduction channel. In the presence of a spin-independent particle loss, we find regimes where the Josephson current $I_N(ϕ)$ takes zero at a position in between $ϕ= 0$ and $ϕ=π$, and the direction of the supercurrent is reversed. Although the region is narrow, we also find a regime in which the critical current is enhanced by dissipation. Such anomalous behaviors in the Josephson current are attributed to a subtle interplay between the contribution that is present regardless of dissipation and the unconventional one that is absent without dissipation. In the presence of a spin-selective particle loss, it is shown that a dissipation-induced spin supercurrent and its reversal occur. The proposed system is analyzed by means of the Keldysh field theory approach based on the Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudershan-Lindblad master equation and may be realized in ultracold atomic gases and solid-state systems. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_21085 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Anomalous supercurrents in the presence of particle losses Ogino, Risa Uchino, Shun Quantum Gases Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Superconductivity We show that supercurrent properties in a superfluid or superconducting junction are significantly modified due to single-particle losses present in a conduction channel. In the presence of a spin-independent particle loss, we find regimes where the Josephson current $I_N(ϕ)$ takes zero at a position in between $ϕ= 0$ and $ϕ=π$, and the direction of the supercurrent is reversed. Although the region is narrow, we also find a regime in which the critical current is enhanced by dissipation. Such anomalous behaviors in the Josephson current are attributed to a subtle interplay between the contribution that is present regardless of dissipation and the unconventional one that is absent without dissipation. In the presence of a spin-selective particle loss, it is shown that a dissipation-induced spin supercurrent and its reversal occur. The proposed system is analyzed by means of the Keldysh field theory approach based on the Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudershan-Lindblad master equation and may be realized in ultracold atomic gases and solid-state systems. |
| title | Anomalous supercurrents in the presence of particle losses |
| topic | Quantum Gases Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Superconductivity |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.21085 |