Chain-of-Talkers (CoTalk): Fast Human Annotation of Dense Image Captions

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Shen, Yijun, Chen, Delong, Liu, Fan, Wang, Xingyu, Zhang, Chuanyi, Yao, Liang, Zheng, Yuhui
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2025
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author Shen, Yijun
Chen, Delong
Liu, Fan
Wang, Xingyu
Zhang, Chuanyi
Yao, Liang
Zheng, Yuhui
author_facet Shen, Yijun
Chen, Delong
Liu, Fan
Wang, Xingyu
Zhang, Chuanyi
Yao, Liang
Zheng, Yuhui
contents While densely annotated image captions significantly facilitate the learning of robust vision-language alignment, methodologies for systematically optimizing human annotation efforts remain underexplored. We introduce Chain-of-Talkers (CoTalk), an AI-in-the-loop methodology designed to maximize the number of annotated samples and improve their comprehensiveness under fixed budget constraints (e.g., total human annotation time). The framework is built upon two key insights. First, sequential annotation reduces redundant workload compared to conventional parallel annotation, as subsequent annotators only need to annotate the ``residual'' -- the missing visual information that previous annotations have not covered. Second, humans process textual input faster by reading while outputting annotations with much higher throughput via talking; thus a multimodal interface enables optimized efficiency. We evaluate our framework from two aspects: intrinsic evaluations that assess the comprehensiveness of semantic units, obtained by parsing detailed captions into object-attribute trees and analyzing their effective connections; extrinsic evaluation measures the practical usage of the annotated captions in facilitating vision-language alignment. Experiments with eight participants show our Chain-of-Talkers (CoTalk) improves annotation speed (0.42 vs. 0.30 units/sec) and retrieval performance (41.13% vs. 40.52%) over the parallel method.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_22627
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Chain-of-Talkers (CoTalk): Fast Human Annotation of Dense Image Captions
Shen, Yijun
Chen, Delong
Liu, Fan
Wang, Xingyu
Zhang, Chuanyi
Yao, Liang
Zheng, Yuhui
Computation and Language
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
While densely annotated image captions significantly facilitate the learning of robust vision-language alignment, methodologies for systematically optimizing human annotation efforts remain underexplored. We introduce Chain-of-Talkers (CoTalk), an AI-in-the-loop methodology designed to maximize the number of annotated samples and improve their comprehensiveness under fixed budget constraints (e.g., total human annotation time). The framework is built upon two key insights. First, sequential annotation reduces redundant workload compared to conventional parallel annotation, as subsequent annotators only need to annotate the ``residual'' -- the missing visual information that previous annotations have not covered. Second, humans process textual input faster by reading while outputting annotations with much higher throughput via talking; thus a multimodal interface enables optimized efficiency. We evaluate our framework from two aspects: intrinsic evaluations that assess the comprehensiveness of semantic units, obtained by parsing detailed captions into object-attribute trees and analyzing their effective connections; extrinsic evaluation measures the practical usage of the annotated captions in facilitating vision-language alignment. Experiments with eight participants show our Chain-of-Talkers (CoTalk) improves annotation speed (0.42 vs. 0.30 units/sec) and retrieval performance (41.13% vs. 40.52%) over the parallel method.
title Chain-of-Talkers (CoTalk): Fast Human Annotation of Dense Image Captions
topic Computation and Language
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.22627