Could a Primordial Black Hole Explosion Explain the extremely high-energy KM3NeT neutrino Event?
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Airoldi, Lua F. T. Alves, Gustavo F. S. Perez-Gonzalez, Yuber F. Salla, Gabriel M. Funchal, Renata Zukanovich |
| author_facet | Airoldi, Lua F. T. Alves, Gustavo F. S. Perez-Gonzalez, Yuber F. Salla, Gabriel M. Funchal, Renata Zukanovich |
| contents | A black hole is expected to end its lifetime in a cataclysmic runaway burst of Hawking radiation, emitting all Standard Model particles with ultra-high energies. Thus, the explosion of a nearby primordial black hole (PBH) has been proposed as a possible explanation for the $\sim 220$~PeV neutrino-like event recently reported by the KM3NeT collaboration. If the event originated from a PBH, the source would need to lie at $(1-7)\times 10^{-5} \mathrm{pc}$ - depending on the assumed effective area - thus within the Solar System. At such proximity, the resulting flux of gamma rays and cosmic rays would be detectable at Earth. By incorporating the time-dependent field of view of gamma-ray observatories, we show that LHAASO should have recorded $\mathcal{O}(10^8)$ events between fourteen and seven hours prior to the KM3NeT detection. IceCube and KM3NeT \textit{itself} should likewise have detected of order a few hundred events in the range $1~\mathrm{TeV} \lesssim E_ν\lesssim 1~\mathrm{PeV}$ during the 24 hours preceding the burst. The absence of any such multi-messenger signal, particularly in gamma-ray data, strongly disfavors the interpretation of the KM3-230213A event as arising from evaporation in a minimal four-dimensional Schwarzschild scenario. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2505_24666 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Could a Primordial Black Hole Explosion Explain the extremely high-energy KM3NeT neutrino Event? Airoldi, Lua F. T. Alves, Gustavo F. S. Perez-Gonzalez, Yuber F. Salla, Gabriel M. Funchal, Renata Zukanovich High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena A black hole is expected to end its lifetime in a cataclysmic runaway burst of Hawking radiation, emitting all Standard Model particles with ultra-high energies. Thus, the explosion of a nearby primordial black hole (PBH) has been proposed as a possible explanation for the $\sim 220$~PeV neutrino-like event recently reported by the KM3NeT collaboration. If the event originated from a PBH, the source would need to lie at $(1-7)\times 10^{-5} \mathrm{pc}$ - depending on the assumed effective area - thus within the Solar System. At such proximity, the resulting flux of gamma rays and cosmic rays would be detectable at Earth. By incorporating the time-dependent field of view of gamma-ray observatories, we show that LHAASO should have recorded $\mathcal{O}(10^8)$ events between fourteen and seven hours prior to the KM3NeT detection. IceCube and KM3NeT \textit{itself} should likewise have detected of order a few hundred events in the range $1~\mathrm{TeV} \lesssim E_ν\lesssim 1~\mathrm{PeV}$ during the 24 hours preceding the burst. The absence of any such multi-messenger signal, particularly in gamma-ray data, strongly disfavors the interpretation of the KM3-230213A event as arising from evaporation in a minimal four-dimensional Schwarzschild scenario. |
| title | Could a Primordial Black Hole Explosion Explain the extremely high-energy KM3NeT neutrino Event? |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.24666 |