Paramagnetism in spherically confined charged active matter
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866913872838918144 |
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| author | Németh, Balázs Adhikari, Ronojoy |
| author_facet | Németh, Balázs Adhikari, Ronojoy |
| contents | The celebrated theorem of Bohr and van Leeuwen guarantees that a classical charged system cannot have a magnetization in thermal equilibrium. Quantum mechanically, however, a diamagnetic response is obtained. In contrast, we show here that a classical charged active system, consisting of a motile particle confined to the surface of a sphere, has a nonzero magnetization and a paramagnetic response. We numerically sample Langevin trajectories of this system and compare with limiting analytical solutions of the Fokker-Planck equation, at small and large temperatures, to find excellent agreement in the magnetic response. Our Letter suggests experimental routes to controlling and extracting work from charged active matter. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_03064 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Paramagnetism in spherically confined charged active matter Németh, Balázs Adhikari, Ronojoy Soft Condensed Matter Statistical Mechanics The celebrated theorem of Bohr and van Leeuwen guarantees that a classical charged system cannot have a magnetization in thermal equilibrium. Quantum mechanically, however, a diamagnetic response is obtained. In contrast, we show here that a classical charged active system, consisting of a motile particle confined to the surface of a sphere, has a nonzero magnetization and a paramagnetic response. We numerically sample Langevin trajectories of this system and compare with limiting analytical solutions of the Fokker-Planck equation, at small and large temperatures, to find excellent agreement in the magnetic response. Our Letter suggests experimental routes to controlling and extracting work from charged active matter. |
| title | Paramagnetism in spherically confined charged active matter |
| topic | Soft Condensed Matter Statistical Mechanics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.03064 |