HtFLlib: A Comprehensive Heterogeneous Federated Learning Library and Benchmark

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Main Authors: Zhang, Jianqing, Wu, Xinghao, Zhou, Yanbing, Sun, Xiaoting, Cai, Qiqi, Liu, Yang, Hua, Yang, Zheng, Zhenzhe, Cao, Jian, Yang, Qiang
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Zhang, Jianqing
Wu, Xinghao
Zhou, Yanbing
Sun, Xiaoting
Cai, Qiqi
Liu, Yang
Hua, Yang
Zheng, Zhenzhe
Cao, Jian
Yang, Qiang
author_facet Zhang, Jianqing
Wu, Xinghao
Zhou, Yanbing
Sun, Xiaoting
Cai, Qiqi
Liu, Yang
Hua, Yang
Zheng, Zhenzhe
Cao, Jian
Yang, Qiang
contents As AI evolves, collaboration among heterogeneous models helps overcome data scarcity by enabling knowledge transfer across institutions and devices. Traditional Federated Learning (FL) only supports homogeneous models, limiting collaboration among clients with heterogeneous model architectures. To address this, Heterogeneous Federated Learning (HtFL) methods are developed to enable collaboration across diverse heterogeneous models while tackling the data heterogeneity issue at the same time. However, a comprehensive benchmark for standardized evaluation and analysis of the rapidly growing HtFL methods is lacking. Firstly, the highly varied datasets, model heterogeneity scenarios, and different method implementations become hurdles to making easy and fair comparisons among HtFL methods. Secondly, the effectiveness and robustness of HtFL methods are under-explored in various scenarios, such as the medical domain and sensor signal modality. To fill this gap, we introduce the first Heterogeneous Federated Learning Library (HtFLlib), an easy-to-use and extensible framework that integrates multiple datasets and model heterogeneity scenarios, offering a robust benchmark for research and practical applications. Specifically, HtFLlib integrates (1) 12 datasets spanning various domains, modalities, and data heterogeneity scenarios; (2) 40 model architectures, ranging from small to large, across three modalities; (3) a modularized and easy-to-extend HtFL codebase with implementations of 10 representative HtFL methods; and (4) systematic evaluations in terms of accuracy, convergence, computation costs, and communication costs. We emphasize the advantages and potential of state-of-the-art HtFL methods and hope that HtFLlib will catalyze advancing HtFL research and enable its broader applications. The code is released at https://github.com/TsingZ0/HtFLlib.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_03954
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle HtFLlib: A Comprehensive Heterogeneous Federated Learning Library and Benchmark
Zhang, Jianqing
Wu, Xinghao
Zhou, Yanbing
Sun, Xiaoting
Cai, Qiqi
Liu, Yang
Hua, Yang
Zheng, Zhenzhe
Cao, Jian
Yang, Qiang
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
As AI evolves, collaboration among heterogeneous models helps overcome data scarcity by enabling knowledge transfer across institutions and devices. Traditional Federated Learning (FL) only supports homogeneous models, limiting collaboration among clients with heterogeneous model architectures. To address this, Heterogeneous Federated Learning (HtFL) methods are developed to enable collaboration across diverse heterogeneous models while tackling the data heterogeneity issue at the same time. However, a comprehensive benchmark for standardized evaluation and analysis of the rapidly growing HtFL methods is lacking. Firstly, the highly varied datasets, model heterogeneity scenarios, and different method implementations become hurdles to making easy and fair comparisons among HtFL methods. Secondly, the effectiveness and robustness of HtFL methods are under-explored in various scenarios, such as the medical domain and sensor signal modality. To fill this gap, we introduce the first Heterogeneous Federated Learning Library (HtFLlib), an easy-to-use and extensible framework that integrates multiple datasets and model heterogeneity scenarios, offering a robust benchmark for research and practical applications. Specifically, HtFLlib integrates (1) 12 datasets spanning various domains, modalities, and data heterogeneity scenarios; (2) 40 model architectures, ranging from small to large, across three modalities; (3) a modularized and easy-to-extend HtFL codebase with implementations of 10 representative HtFL methods; and (4) systematic evaluations in terms of accuracy, convergence, computation costs, and communication costs. We emphasize the advantages and potential of state-of-the-art HtFL methods and hope that HtFLlib will catalyze advancing HtFL research and enable its broader applications. The code is released at https://github.com/TsingZ0/HtFLlib.
title HtFLlib: A Comprehensive Heterogeneous Federated Learning Library and Benchmark
topic Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.03954