Multi-Tool Analysis of User Interface & Accessibility in Deployed Web-Based Chatbots

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Rajmohan, Mukesh, Desai, Smit, Das, Sanchari
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Rajmohan, Mukesh
Desai, Smit
Das, Sanchari
author_facet Rajmohan, Mukesh
Desai, Smit
Das, Sanchari
contents In this work, we present a multi-tool evaluation of 106 deployed web-based chatbots, across domains like healthcare, education and customer service, comprising both standalone applications and embedded widgets using automated tools (Google Lighthouse, PageSpeed Insights, SiteImprove Accessibility Checker) and manual audits (Microsoft Accessibility Insights). Our analysis reveals that over 80% of chatbots exhibit at least one critical accessibility issue, and 45% suffer from missing semantic structures or ARIA role misuse. Furthermore, we found that accessibility scores correlate strongly across tools (e.g., Lighthouse vs PageSpeed Insights, r = 0.861), but performance scores do not (r = 0.436), underscoring the value of a multi-tool approach. We offer a replicable evaluation insights and actionable recommendations to support the development of user-friendly conversational interfaces.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_04659
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Multi-Tool Analysis of User Interface & Accessibility in Deployed Web-Based Chatbots
Rajmohan, Mukesh
Desai, Smit
Das, Sanchari
Human-Computer Interaction
H.5.2; K.4.2
In this work, we present a multi-tool evaluation of 106 deployed web-based chatbots, across domains like healthcare, education and customer service, comprising both standalone applications and embedded widgets using automated tools (Google Lighthouse, PageSpeed Insights, SiteImprove Accessibility Checker) and manual audits (Microsoft Accessibility Insights). Our analysis reveals that over 80% of chatbots exhibit at least one critical accessibility issue, and 45% suffer from missing semantic structures or ARIA role misuse. Furthermore, we found that accessibility scores correlate strongly across tools (e.g., Lighthouse vs PageSpeed Insights, r = 0.861), but performance scores do not (r = 0.436), underscoring the value of a multi-tool approach. We offer a replicable evaluation insights and actionable recommendations to support the development of user-friendly conversational interfaces.
title Multi-Tool Analysis of User Interface & Accessibility in Deployed Web-Based Chatbots
topic Human-Computer Interaction
H.5.2; K.4.2
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04659