A high-sensitivity frequency counter for free-induction-decay signals
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866915327722389504 |
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| author | Gong, Tong Shu, Ming-Rui He, Jiang Liu, Kai Li, Yi-Ren Hao, Xin-Jun Sheng, Dong Wang, Yu-Ming Feng, Yu-Kun |
| author_facet | Gong, Tong Shu, Ming-Rui He, Jiang Liu, Kai Li, Yi-Ren Hao, Xin-Jun Sheng, Dong Wang, Yu-Ming Feng, Yu-Kun |
| contents | Real-time frequency readout of time-dependent pulsed signals with a high sensitivity are key elements in many applications using atomic devices, such as FID atomic magnetometers. In this paper, we propose a frequency measurement algorithm based on the Hilbert transform and implement such a scheme in a FPGA-based frequency counter. By testing pulsed exponential-decay oscillation signals in the frequency range of 10 to 500 kHz, this frequency counter shows a frequency sensitivity better than 0.1 mHz/Hz^(1/2) at 10 Hz, with an output rate of 200 Hz. When the output rate is increased to 1000 Hz, the sensitivity remains better than 0.4 mHz/Hz^(1/2) at 10 Hz. The performance on frequency sensitivity is comparable with results obtained by off-line nonlinear fitting processes. In addition, this frequency counter does not require the pre-knowledge of the analytic expression of the input signals. The realization of such a device paves the way for practical applications of highly-sensitive FID atomic magnetometers. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_04780 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | A high-sensitivity frequency counter for free-induction-decay signals Gong, Tong Shu, Ming-Rui He, Jiang Liu, Kai Li, Yi-Ren Hao, Xin-Jun Sheng, Dong Wang, Yu-Ming Feng, Yu-Kun Instrumentation and Detectors Atomic Physics Real-time frequency readout of time-dependent pulsed signals with a high sensitivity are key elements in many applications using atomic devices, such as FID atomic magnetometers. In this paper, we propose a frequency measurement algorithm based on the Hilbert transform and implement such a scheme in a FPGA-based frequency counter. By testing pulsed exponential-decay oscillation signals in the frequency range of 10 to 500 kHz, this frequency counter shows a frequency sensitivity better than 0.1 mHz/Hz^(1/2) at 10 Hz, with an output rate of 200 Hz. When the output rate is increased to 1000 Hz, the sensitivity remains better than 0.4 mHz/Hz^(1/2) at 10 Hz. The performance on frequency sensitivity is comparable with results obtained by off-line nonlinear fitting processes. In addition, this frequency counter does not require the pre-knowledge of the analytic expression of the input signals. The realization of such a device paves the way for practical applications of highly-sensitive FID atomic magnetometers. |
| title | A high-sensitivity frequency counter for free-induction-decay signals |
| topic | Instrumentation and Detectors Atomic Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04780 |