Simulating LLM-to-LLM Tutoring for Multilingual Math Feedback

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Tonga, Junior Cedric, Srivatsa, KV Aditya, Maurya, Kaushal Kumar, Koto, Fajri, Kochmar, Ekaterina
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2025
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author Tonga, Junior Cedric
Srivatsa, KV Aditya
Maurya, Kaushal Kumar
Koto, Fajri
Kochmar, Ekaterina
author_facet Tonga, Junior Cedric
Srivatsa, KV Aditya
Maurya, Kaushal Kumar
Koto, Fajri
Kochmar, Ekaterina
contents Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated the ability to generate formative feedback and instructional hints in English, making them increasingly relevant for AI-assisted education. However, their ability to provide effective instructional support across different languages, especially for mathematically grounded reasoning tasks, remains largely unexamined. In this work, we present the first large-scale simulation of multilingual tutor-student interactions using LLMs. A stronger model plays the role of the tutor, generating feedback in the form of hints, while a weaker model simulates the student. We explore 352 experimental settings across 11 typologically diverse languages, four state-of-the-art LLMs, and multiple prompting strategies to assess whether language-specific feedback leads to measurable learning gains. Our study examines how student input language, teacher feedback language, model choice, and language resource level jointly influence performance. Results show that multilingual hints can significantly improve learning outcomes, particularly in low-resource languages when feedback is aligned with the student's native language. These findings offer practical insights for developing multilingual, LLM-based educational tools that are both effective and inclusive.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_04920
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Simulating LLM-to-LLM Tutoring for Multilingual Math Feedback
Tonga, Junior Cedric
Srivatsa, KV Aditya
Maurya, Kaushal Kumar
Koto, Fajri
Kochmar, Ekaterina
Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated the ability to generate formative feedback and instructional hints in English, making them increasingly relevant for AI-assisted education. However, their ability to provide effective instructional support across different languages, especially for mathematically grounded reasoning tasks, remains largely unexamined. In this work, we present the first large-scale simulation of multilingual tutor-student interactions using LLMs. A stronger model plays the role of the tutor, generating feedback in the form of hints, while a weaker model simulates the student. We explore 352 experimental settings across 11 typologically diverse languages, four state-of-the-art LLMs, and multiple prompting strategies to assess whether language-specific feedback leads to measurable learning gains. Our study examines how student input language, teacher feedback language, model choice, and language resource level jointly influence performance. Results show that multilingual hints can significantly improve learning outcomes, particularly in low-resource languages when feedback is aligned with the student's native language. These findings offer practical insights for developing multilingual, LLM-based educational tools that are both effective and inclusive.
title Simulating LLM-to-LLM Tutoring for Multilingual Math Feedback
topic Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04920