Control Tax: The Price of Keeping AI in Check

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Terekhov, Mikhail, Liu, Zhen Ning David, Gulcehre, Caglar, Albanie, Samuel
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Terekhov, Mikhail
Liu, Zhen Ning David
Gulcehre, Caglar
Albanie, Samuel
author_facet Terekhov, Mikhail
Liu, Zhen Ning David
Gulcehre, Caglar
Albanie, Samuel
contents The rapid integration of agentic AI into high-stakes real-world applications requires robust oversight mechanisms. The emerging field of AI Control (AIC) aims to provide such an oversight mechanism, but practical adoption depends heavily on implementation overhead. To study this problem better, we introduce the notion of Control tax -- the operational and financial cost of integrating control measures into AI pipelines. Our work makes three key contributions to the field of AIC: (1) we introduce a theoretical framework that quantifies the Control Tax and maps classifier performance to safety assurances; (2) we conduct comprehensive evaluations of state-of-the-art language models in adversarial settings, where attacker models insert subtle backdoors into code while monitoring models attempt to detect these vulnerabilities; and (3) we provide empirical financial cost estimates for control protocols and develop optimized monitoring strategies that balance safety and cost-effectiveness while accounting for practical constraints like auditing budgets. Our framework enables practitioners to make informed decisions by systematically connecting safety guarantees with their costs, advancing AIC through principled economic feasibility assessment across different deployment contexts.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_05296
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Control Tax: The Price of Keeping AI in Check
Terekhov, Mikhail
Liu, Zhen Ning David
Gulcehre, Caglar
Albanie, Samuel
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
The rapid integration of agentic AI into high-stakes real-world applications requires robust oversight mechanisms. The emerging field of AI Control (AIC) aims to provide such an oversight mechanism, but practical adoption depends heavily on implementation overhead. To study this problem better, we introduce the notion of Control tax -- the operational and financial cost of integrating control measures into AI pipelines. Our work makes three key contributions to the field of AIC: (1) we introduce a theoretical framework that quantifies the Control Tax and maps classifier performance to safety assurances; (2) we conduct comprehensive evaluations of state-of-the-art language models in adversarial settings, where attacker models insert subtle backdoors into code while monitoring models attempt to detect these vulnerabilities; and (3) we provide empirical financial cost estimates for control protocols and develop optimized monitoring strategies that balance safety and cost-effectiveness while accounting for practical constraints like auditing budgets. Our framework enables practitioners to make informed decisions by systematically connecting safety guarantees with their costs, advancing AIC through principled economic feasibility assessment across different deployment contexts.
title Control Tax: The Price of Keeping AI in Check
topic Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05296