Secondary Stakeholders in AI: Fighting for, Brokering, and Navigating Agency

Fuente: arXiv
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Hauptverfasser: Ajmani, Leah Hope, Abdelkadir, Nuredin Ali, Chancellor, Stevie
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Ajmani, Leah Hope
Abdelkadir, Nuredin Ali
Chancellor, Stevie
author_facet Ajmani, Leah Hope
Abdelkadir, Nuredin Ali
Chancellor, Stevie
contents As AI technologies become more human-facing, there have been numerous calls to adapt participatory approaches to AI development -- spurring the idea of participatory AI. However, these calls often focus only on primary stakeholders, such as end-users, and not secondary stakeholders. This paper seeks to translate the ideals of participatory AI to a broader population of secondary AI stakeholders through semi-structured interviews. We theorize that meaningful participation involves three participatory ideals: (1) informedness, (2) consent, and (3) agency. We also explore how secondary stakeholders realize these ideals by traversing a complicated problem space. Like walking up the rungs of a ladder, these ideals build on one another. We introduce three stakeholder archetypes: the reluctant data contributor, the unsupported activist, and the well-intentioned practitioner, who must navigate systemic barriers to achieving agentic AI relationships. We envision an AI future where secondary stakeholders are able to meaningfully participate with the AI systems they influence and are influenced by.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_07281
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Secondary Stakeholders in AI: Fighting for, Brokering, and Navigating Agency
Ajmani, Leah Hope
Abdelkadir, Nuredin Ali
Chancellor, Stevie
Human-Computer Interaction
Artificial Intelligence
As AI technologies become more human-facing, there have been numerous calls to adapt participatory approaches to AI development -- spurring the idea of participatory AI. However, these calls often focus only on primary stakeholders, such as end-users, and not secondary stakeholders. This paper seeks to translate the ideals of participatory AI to a broader population of secondary AI stakeholders through semi-structured interviews. We theorize that meaningful participation involves three participatory ideals: (1) informedness, (2) consent, and (3) agency. We also explore how secondary stakeholders realize these ideals by traversing a complicated problem space. Like walking up the rungs of a ladder, these ideals build on one another. We introduce three stakeholder archetypes: the reluctant data contributor, the unsupported activist, and the well-intentioned practitioner, who must navigate systemic barriers to achieving agentic AI relationships. We envision an AI future where secondary stakeholders are able to meaningfully participate with the AI systems they influence and are influenced by.
title Secondary Stakeholders in AI: Fighting for, Brokering, and Navigating Agency
topic Human-Computer Interaction
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.07281