Flexible MIMO for Future Wireless Communications: Which Flexibilities are Possible?
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866911255111925760 |
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| author | Wang, Zhe Zhang, Jiayi Xu, Bokai Yi, Wenhui Björnson, Emil Ai, Bo |
| author_facet | Wang, Zhe Zhang, Jiayi Xu, Bokai Yi, Wenhui Björnson, Emil Ai, Bo |
| contents | In conventional multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), static array configurations struggle in dynamic environments, and further antenna scaling is bounded by cost, energy, and footprint. Emerging approaches, which can enable next-generation wireless communication networks with modest spectrum availability by leveraging flexibility and adaptability rather than sheer array growth, are therefore needed. In this paper, we present a taxonomy framework, referred to as flexible MIMO technology, that systematically categorizes a wide range of evolving MIMO technologies. The focus is on MIMO technologies with flexible physical configurations and integrated applications. We categorize twelve representative flexible MIMO technologies into three major classifications: flexible deployment characteristics-based, flexible geometry characteristics-based, and flexible real-time modifications-based. We then comprehensively overview their fundamental characteristics, potential, and challenges. In addition, we highlight three vital enablers for flexible MIMO technology, including efficient channel state information acquisition schemes, low-complexity beamforming design, and explainable artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled optimization, and discuss eight representative sub-techniques. Finally, two brief case studies -- pre-optimized irregular array for high-speed railway network and cell-free movable antenna -- are presented, showing how flexible MIMO can open new design possibilities and inspire future research directions for next-generation wireless networks. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_07599 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Flexible MIMO for Future Wireless Communications: Which Flexibilities are Possible? Wang, Zhe Zhang, Jiayi Xu, Bokai Yi, Wenhui Björnson, Emil Ai, Bo Information Theory Signal Processing In conventional multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), static array configurations struggle in dynamic environments, and further antenna scaling is bounded by cost, energy, and footprint. Emerging approaches, which can enable next-generation wireless communication networks with modest spectrum availability by leveraging flexibility and adaptability rather than sheer array growth, are therefore needed. In this paper, we present a taxonomy framework, referred to as flexible MIMO technology, that systematically categorizes a wide range of evolving MIMO technologies. The focus is on MIMO technologies with flexible physical configurations and integrated applications. We categorize twelve representative flexible MIMO technologies into three major classifications: flexible deployment characteristics-based, flexible geometry characteristics-based, and flexible real-time modifications-based. We then comprehensively overview their fundamental characteristics, potential, and challenges. In addition, we highlight three vital enablers for flexible MIMO technology, including efficient channel state information acquisition schemes, low-complexity beamforming design, and explainable artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled optimization, and discuss eight representative sub-techniques. Finally, two brief case studies -- pre-optimized irregular array for high-speed railway network and cell-free movable antenna -- are presented, showing how flexible MIMO can open new design possibilities and inspire future research directions for next-generation wireless networks. |
| title | Flexible MIMO for Future Wireless Communications: Which Flexibilities are Possible? |
| topic | Information Theory Signal Processing |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.07599 |