Experimental demonstration of attosecond hard X-ray pulses
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arXiv
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2025
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| author | Inoue, Ichiro Robles, River Halavanau, Aliaksei Guo, Veronica Benediktovitch, Thomas M. Linker Andrei Chuchurka, Stasis Seaberg, Matthew H. Sun, Yanwen Zhu, Diling Cesar, David Ding, Yuantao Esposito, Vincent Franz, Paris Sudar, Nicholas S. Zhang, Zhen Osaka, Taito Yamaguchi, Gota Sano, Yasuhisa Yamauchi, Kazuto Yamada, Jumpei Bergmann, Uwe Kling, Matthias F. Pellegrini, Claudio Yabashi, Makina Rohringer, Nina Sato, Takahiro Marinelli, Agostino |
| author_facet | Inoue, Ichiro Robles, River Halavanau, Aliaksei Guo, Veronica Benediktovitch, Thomas M. Linker Andrei Chuchurka, Stasis Seaberg, Matthew H. Sun, Yanwen Zhu, Diling Cesar, David Ding, Yuantao Esposito, Vincent Franz, Paris Sudar, Nicholas S. Zhang, Zhen Osaka, Taito Yamaguchi, Gota Sano, Yasuhisa Yamauchi, Kazuto Yamada, Jumpei Bergmann, Uwe Kling, Matthias F. Pellegrini, Claudio Yabashi, Makina Rohringer, Nina Sato, Takahiro Marinelli, Agostino |
| contents | We present the first direct experimental confirmation of attosecond pulse generation in the hard X-ray regime with a free-electron laser. Our experiment is based on measurements of a nonlinear optical phenomenon known as amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) from 3d transition metals. By analyzing the yield of the collective X-ray fluorescence induced by ultrashort pulses at the Linac Coherent Light Source, we identify the generation of attosecond pulses and shot-to-shot fluctuations in their duration, ranging from 100 as to 400 as. The observed product of bandwidth and pulse duration for 100 as pulses is approximately 2 fs$\cdot$eV, indicating the generation of nearly transform-limited pulses. Our results extend the photon energy reach of attosecond techniques by one order of magnitude, providing the ability to simultaneously probe matter on the time-scales of electronic phenomena and with atomic spatial resolution. Furthermore, attosecond hard X-ray pulses can outrun the fastest radiation damage processes, paving the way to single-shot damage-free X-ray measurements. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_07968 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Experimental demonstration of attosecond hard X-ray pulses Inoue, Ichiro Robles, River Halavanau, Aliaksei Guo, Veronica Benediktovitch, Thomas M. Linker Andrei Chuchurka, Stasis Seaberg, Matthew H. Sun, Yanwen Zhu, Diling Cesar, David Ding, Yuantao Esposito, Vincent Franz, Paris Sudar, Nicholas S. Zhang, Zhen Osaka, Taito Yamaguchi, Gota Sano, Yasuhisa Yamauchi, Kazuto Yamada, Jumpei Bergmann, Uwe Kling, Matthias F. Pellegrini, Claudio Yabashi, Makina Rohringer, Nina Sato, Takahiro Marinelli, Agostino Optics Accelerator Physics We present the first direct experimental confirmation of attosecond pulse generation in the hard X-ray regime with a free-electron laser. Our experiment is based on measurements of a nonlinear optical phenomenon known as amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) from 3d transition metals. By analyzing the yield of the collective X-ray fluorescence induced by ultrashort pulses at the Linac Coherent Light Source, we identify the generation of attosecond pulses and shot-to-shot fluctuations in their duration, ranging from 100 as to 400 as. The observed product of bandwidth and pulse duration for 100 as pulses is approximately 2 fs$\cdot$eV, indicating the generation of nearly transform-limited pulses. Our results extend the photon energy reach of attosecond techniques by one order of magnitude, providing the ability to simultaneously probe matter on the time-scales of electronic phenomena and with atomic spatial resolution. Furthermore, attosecond hard X-ray pulses can outrun the fastest radiation damage processes, paving the way to single-shot damage-free X-ray measurements. |
| title | Experimental demonstration of attosecond hard X-ray pulses |
| topic | Optics Accelerator Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.07968 |