Compound AI Systems Optimization: A Survey of Methods, Challenges, and Future Directions

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Lee, Yu-Ang, Yi, Guan-Ting, Liu, Mei-Yi, Lu, Jui-Chao, Yang, Guan-Bo, Chen, Yun-Nung
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Lee, Yu-Ang
Yi, Guan-Ting
Liu, Mei-Yi
Lu, Jui-Chao
Yang, Guan-Bo
Chen, Yun-Nung
author_facet Lee, Yu-Ang
Yi, Guan-Ting
Liu, Mei-Yi
Lu, Jui-Chao
Yang, Guan-Bo
Chen, Yun-Nung
contents Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) and AI systems have led to a paradigm shift in the design and optimization of complex AI workflows. By integrating multiple components, compound AI systems have become increasingly adept at performing sophisticated tasks. However, as these systems grow in complexity, new challenges arise in optimizing not only individual components but also their interactions. While traditional optimization methods such as supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning (RL) remain foundational, the rise of natural language feedback introduces promising new approaches, especially for optimizing non-differentiable systems. This paper provides a systematic review of recent progress in optimizing compound AI systems, encompassing both numerical and language-based techniques. We formalize the notion of compound AI system optimization, classify existing methods along several key dimensions, and highlight open research challenges and future directions in this rapidly evolving field. A list of surveyed papers is publicly available at https://github.com/MiuLab/AISysOpt-Survey.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_08234
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Compound AI Systems Optimization: A Survey of Methods, Challenges, and Future Directions
Lee, Yu-Ang
Yi, Guan-Ting
Liu, Mei-Yi
Lu, Jui-Chao
Yang, Guan-Bo
Chen, Yun-Nung
Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) and AI systems have led to a paradigm shift in the design and optimization of complex AI workflows. By integrating multiple components, compound AI systems have become increasingly adept at performing sophisticated tasks. However, as these systems grow in complexity, new challenges arise in optimizing not only individual components but also their interactions. While traditional optimization methods such as supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning (RL) remain foundational, the rise of natural language feedback introduces promising new approaches, especially for optimizing non-differentiable systems. This paper provides a systematic review of recent progress in optimizing compound AI systems, encompassing both numerical and language-based techniques. We formalize the notion of compound AI system optimization, classify existing methods along several key dimensions, and highlight open research challenges and future directions in this rapidly evolving field. A list of surveyed papers is publicly available at https://github.com/MiuLab/AISysOpt-Survey.
title Compound AI Systems Optimization: A Survey of Methods, Challenges, and Future Directions
topic Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.08234