CoQMoE: Co-Designed Quantization and Computation Orchestration for Mixture-of-Experts Vision Transformer on FPGA

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dong, Jiale, Wu, Hao, Wang, Zihao, Lou, Wenqi, Zheng, Zhendong, Gong, Lei, Wang, Chao, Zhou, Xuehai
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866916787763806208
author Dong, Jiale
Wu, Hao
Wang, Zihao
Lou, Wenqi
Zheng, Zhendong
Gong, Lei
Wang, Chao
Zhou, Xuehai
author_facet Dong, Jiale
Wu, Hao
Wang, Zihao
Lou, Wenqi
Zheng, Zhendong
Gong, Lei
Wang, Chao
Zhou, Xuehai
contents Vision Transformers (ViTs) exhibit superior performance in computer vision tasks but face deployment challenges on resource-constrained devices due to high computational/memory demands. While Mixture-of-Experts Vision Transformers (MoE-ViTs) mitigate this through a scalable architecture with sub-linear computational growth, their hardware implementation on FPGAs remains constrained by resource limitations. This paper proposes a novel accelerator for efficiently implementing quantized MoE models on FPGAs through two key innovations: (1) A dual-stage quantization scheme combining precision-preserving complex quantizers with hardware-friendly simplified quantizers via scale reparameterization, with only 0.28 $\%$ accuracy loss compared to full precision; (2) A resource-aware accelerator architecture featuring latency-optimized streaming attention kernels and reusable linear operators, effectively balancing performance and resource consumption. Experimental results demonstrate that our accelerator achieves nearly 155 frames per second, a 5.35$\times$ improvement in throughput, and over $80\%$ energy reduction compared to state-of-the-art (SOTA) FPGA MoE accelerators, while maintaining $<1\%$ accuracy loss across vision benchmarks. Our implementation is available at https://github.com/DJ000011/CoQMoE.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_08496
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle CoQMoE: Co-Designed Quantization and Computation Orchestration for Mixture-of-Experts Vision Transformer on FPGA
Dong, Jiale
Wu, Hao
Wang, Zihao
Lou, Wenqi
Zheng, Zhendong
Gong, Lei
Wang, Chao
Zhou, Xuehai
Hardware Architecture
Vision Transformers (ViTs) exhibit superior performance in computer vision tasks but face deployment challenges on resource-constrained devices due to high computational/memory demands. While Mixture-of-Experts Vision Transformers (MoE-ViTs) mitigate this through a scalable architecture with sub-linear computational growth, their hardware implementation on FPGAs remains constrained by resource limitations. This paper proposes a novel accelerator for efficiently implementing quantized MoE models on FPGAs through two key innovations: (1) A dual-stage quantization scheme combining precision-preserving complex quantizers with hardware-friendly simplified quantizers via scale reparameterization, with only 0.28 $\%$ accuracy loss compared to full precision; (2) A resource-aware accelerator architecture featuring latency-optimized streaming attention kernels and reusable linear operators, effectively balancing performance and resource consumption. Experimental results demonstrate that our accelerator achieves nearly 155 frames per second, a 5.35$\times$ improvement in throughput, and over $80\%$ energy reduction compared to state-of-the-art (SOTA) FPGA MoE accelerators, while maintaining $<1\%$ accuracy loss across vision benchmarks. Our implementation is available at https://github.com/DJ000011/CoQMoE.
title CoQMoE: Co-Designed Quantization and Computation Orchestration for Mixture-of-Experts Vision Transformer on FPGA
topic Hardware Architecture
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.08496