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Main Authors: Zhang, Cong, Cao, Zhoujian
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09540
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author Zhang, Cong
Cao, Zhoujian
author_facet Zhang, Cong
Cao, Zhoujian
contents This work reveals a fundamental link between general covariance and Birkhoff's theorem. We extend Birkhoff's theorem from general relativity to a broad class of generally covariant gravity theories formulated in the Hamiltonian framework. Conversely, we show that each one-parameter family of static, spherically symmetric spacetimes determines a class of covariant theories, each of which has that family of spacetimes as its entire vacuum solution space. Our systematic and model-independent framework applies to a wide range of spacetimes, including observationally inferred, quantum-gravity-inspired, and regular black holes. It provides a universal tool for probing their dynamical origins and enables the reconstruction of the underlying covariant theories from observational data, including gravitational-wave and black-hole-shadow measurements.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_09540
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Covariant dynamics from static spherically symmetric geometries
Zhang, Cong
Cao, Zhoujian
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
This work reveals a fundamental link between general covariance and Birkhoff's theorem. We extend Birkhoff's theorem from general relativity to a broad class of generally covariant gravity theories formulated in the Hamiltonian framework. Conversely, we show that each one-parameter family of static, spherically symmetric spacetimes determines a class of covariant theories, each of which has that family of spacetimes as its entire vacuum solution space. Our systematic and model-independent framework applies to a wide range of spacetimes, including observationally inferred, quantum-gravity-inspired, and regular black holes. It provides a universal tool for probing their dynamical origins and enables the reconstruction of the underlying covariant theories from observational data, including gravitational-wave and black-hole-shadow measurements.
title Covariant dynamics from static spherically symmetric geometries
topic General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09540