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Main Authors: Smíd, Michal, Khademi, Pooyan, Bähtz, Carsten, Brambrink, Erik, Chalupsky, Jindrich, Cowan, Tom E., Cafiso, Samuele Di Dio, Göde, Sebastian, Grenzer, Jörg, Hajkova, Vera, Hilz, Peter, Hippler, Willi, Höpner, Hauke, Horynova, Alzbeta, Humphries, Oliver, Jelinek, Simon, Juha, Libor, Karbstein, Felix, Laso-Garcia, Alejandro, Lötzsch, Robert, Mathéron, Aimé, Paulus, Gerhard G., Randolph, Lisa, Sävert, Alexander, Schlenvoigt, Hans-Peter, Schwinekendorf, Jan Patrick, Stöhlker, Thomas, Toncian, Toma, Valialshchikov, Maxim, Weckert, Edgar, Wessel, Colin, Zepf, Matt
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Optics
Quantum Physics
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11649
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Table of Contents:
  • Vacuum fluctuations give rise to effective nonlinear interactions between electromagnetic fields. These generically modify the characteristics of light traversing a strong-field region. X-ray free-electron lasers constitute a particularly promising probe, due to their brilliance, the possibility of precise control and favourable frequency scaling. However, the nonlinear vacuum response is very small even when probing a tightly focused high-intensity laser field with XFEL radiation and direct measurement of light-by-light scattering of real photons and the associated fundamental physics constants of the quantum vacuum has not been possible to date. Achieving a sufficiently good signal-to-background separation is key to a successful quantum vacuum experiment. To master this challenge, a darkfield detection concept has recently been proposed. Here we present the results of a proof-of-principle experiment validating this approach at the High Energy Density scientific instrument of the European X-Ray Free Electron Laser.

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