Fundamentals and advances in transverse thermoelectrics

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Adachi, Hiroto, Ando, Fuyuki, Hirai, Takamasa, Modak, Rajkumar, Grayson, Matthew A., Uchida, Ken-ichi
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Adachi, Hiroto
Ando, Fuyuki
Hirai, Takamasa
Modak, Rajkumar
Grayson, Matthew A.
Uchida, Ken-ichi
author_facet Adachi, Hiroto
Ando, Fuyuki
Hirai, Takamasa
Modak, Rajkumar
Grayson, Matthew A.
Uchida, Ken-ichi
contents Transverse thermoelectric effects interconvert charge and heat currents in orthogonal directions due to the breaking of either time-reversal symmetry or structural symmetry, enabling simple and versatile thermal energy harvesting and solid-state cooling/heating within single materials. In comparison to the complex module structures required for the conventional Seebeck and Peltier effects, the transverse thermoelectric effects provide the complete device structures, potentially resolving the fundamental issue of multi-module degradation of thermoelectric conversion performance. This review article provides an overview of all currently known transverse thermoelectric conversion phenomena and principles, as well as their characteristics, and reclassifies them in a unified manner. The performance of the transverse thermoelectric generator, refrigerator, and active cooler is formulated, showing that thermal boundary conditions play an essential role in discussion on their behaviors. Examples of recent application research and material development in transverse thermoelectrics are also introduced, followed by a discussion of future prospects.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_12319
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Fundamentals and advances in transverse thermoelectrics
Adachi, Hiroto
Ando, Fuyuki
Hirai, Takamasa
Modak, Rajkumar
Grayson, Matthew A.
Uchida, Ken-ichi
Materials Science
Applied Physics
Transverse thermoelectric effects interconvert charge and heat currents in orthogonal directions due to the breaking of either time-reversal symmetry or structural symmetry, enabling simple and versatile thermal energy harvesting and solid-state cooling/heating within single materials. In comparison to the complex module structures required for the conventional Seebeck and Peltier effects, the transverse thermoelectric effects provide the complete device structures, potentially resolving the fundamental issue of multi-module degradation of thermoelectric conversion performance. This review article provides an overview of all currently known transverse thermoelectric conversion phenomena and principles, as well as their characteristics, and reclassifies them in a unified manner. The performance of the transverse thermoelectric generator, refrigerator, and active cooler is formulated, showing that thermal boundary conditions play an essential role in discussion on their behaviors. Examples of recent application research and material development in transverse thermoelectrics are also introduced, followed by a discussion of future prospects.
title Fundamentals and advances in transverse thermoelectrics
topic Materials Science
Applied Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12319