PhenoKG: Knowledge Graph-Driven Gene Discovery and Patient Insights from Phenotypes Alone

Fuente: arXiv
Salvato in:
Dettagli Bibliografici
Autori principali: Zaripova, Kamilia, Özsoy, Ege, Navab, Nassir, Farshad, Azade
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
Soggetti:
Accesso online:
Tags: Aggiungi Tag
Nessun Tag, puoi essere il primo ad aggiungerne!!
_version_ 1866911007252676608
author Zaripova, Kamilia
Özsoy, Ege
Navab, Nassir
Farshad, Azade
author_facet Zaripova, Kamilia
Özsoy, Ege
Navab, Nassir
Farshad, Azade
contents Identifying causative genes from patient phenotypes remains a significant challenge in precision medicine, with important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of genetic disorders. We propose a novel graph-based approach for predicting causative genes from patient phenotypes, with or without an available list of candidate genes, by integrating a rare disease knowledge graph (KG). Our model, combining graph neural networks and transformers, achieves substantial improvements over the current state-of-the-art. On the real-world MyGene2 dataset, it attains a mean reciprocal rank (MRR) of 24.64\% and nDCG@100 of 33.64\%, surpassing the best baseline (SHEPHERD) at 19.02\% MRR and 30.54\% nDCG@100. We perform extensive ablation studies to validate the contribution of each model component. Notably, the approach generalizes to cases where only phenotypic data are available, addressing key challenges in clinical decision support when genomic information is incomplete.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_13119
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle PhenoKG: Knowledge Graph-Driven Gene Discovery and Patient Insights from Phenotypes Alone
Zaripova, Kamilia
Özsoy, Ege
Navab, Nassir
Farshad, Azade
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Neural and Evolutionary Computing
Genomics
Quantitative Methods
92C50, 68T05
I.2.6; H.2.8; J.3
Identifying causative genes from patient phenotypes remains a significant challenge in precision medicine, with important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of genetic disorders. We propose a novel graph-based approach for predicting causative genes from patient phenotypes, with or without an available list of candidate genes, by integrating a rare disease knowledge graph (KG). Our model, combining graph neural networks and transformers, achieves substantial improvements over the current state-of-the-art. On the real-world MyGene2 dataset, it attains a mean reciprocal rank (MRR) of 24.64\% and nDCG@100 of 33.64\%, surpassing the best baseline (SHEPHERD) at 19.02\% MRR and 30.54\% nDCG@100. We perform extensive ablation studies to validate the contribution of each model component. Notably, the approach generalizes to cases where only phenotypic data are available, addressing key challenges in clinical decision support when genomic information is incomplete.
title PhenoKG: Knowledge Graph-Driven Gene Discovery and Patient Insights from Phenotypes Alone
topic Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Neural and Evolutionary Computing
Genomics
Quantitative Methods
92C50, 68T05
I.2.6; H.2.8; J.3
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13119