Deep Learning-Based Multi-Object Tracking: A Comprehensive Survey from Foundations to State-of-the-Art

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1. Verfasser: Adžemović, Momir
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Adžemović, Momir
author_facet Adžemović, Momir
contents Multi-object tracking (MOT) is a core task in computer vision that involves detecting objects in video frames and associating them across time. The rise of deep learning has significantly advanced MOT, particularly within the tracking-by-detection paradigm, which remains the dominant approach. Advancements in modern deep learning-based methods accelerated in 2022 with the introduction of ByteTrack for tracking-by-detection and MOTR for end-to-end tracking. Our survey provides an in-depth analysis of deep learning-based MOT methods, systematically categorizing tracking-by-detection approaches into five groups: joint detection and embedding, heuristic-based, motion-based, affinity learning, and offline methods. In addition, we examine end-to-end tracking methods and compare them with existing alternative approaches. We evaluate the performance of recent trackers across multiple benchmarks and specifically assess their generality by comparing results across different domains. Our findings indicate that heuristic-based methods achieve state-of-the-art results on densely populated datasets with linear object motion, while deep learning-based association methods, in both tracking-by-detection and end-to-end approaches, excel in scenarios with complex motion patterns.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_13457
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Deep Learning-Based Multi-Object Tracking: A Comprehensive Survey from Foundations to State-of-the-Art
Adžemović, Momir
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
68T45, 94A08, 68W40, 62H35
I.4.8; I.5.1; I.2.10; I.5.4
Multi-object tracking (MOT) is a core task in computer vision that involves detecting objects in video frames and associating them across time. The rise of deep learning has significantly advanced MOT, particularly within the tracking-by-detection paradigm, which remains the dominant approach. Advancements in modern deep learning-based methods accelerated in 2022 with the introduction of ByteTrack for tracking-by-detection and MOTR for end-to-end tracking. Our survey provides an in-depth analysis of deep learning-based MOT methods, systematically categorizing tracking-by-detection approaches into five groups: joint detection and embedding, heuristic-based, motion-based, affinity learning, and offline methods. In addition, we examine end-to-end tracking methods and compare them with existing alternative approaches. We evaluate the performance of recent trackers across multiple benchmarks and specifically assess their generality by comparing results across different domains. Our findings indicate that heuristic-based methods achieve state-of-the-art results on densely populated datasets with linear object motion, while deep learning-based association methods, in both tracking-by-detection and end-to-end approaches, excel in scenarios with complex motion patterns.
title Deep Learning-Based Multi-Object Tracking: A Comprehensive Survey from Foundations to State-of-the-Art
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
68T45, 94A08, 68W40, 62H35
I.4.8; I.5.1; I.2.10; I.5.4
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13457