Direct observation of long-range many-body coherence in quasi-one-dimensional attractive Bose gases
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Tamura, Hikaru Banerjee, Sambit Li, Rongjie Kevrekidis, Panayotis Mistakidis, Simeon I. Hung, Chen-Lung |
| author_facet | Tamura, Hikaru Banerjee, Sambit Li, Rongjie Kevrekidis, Panayotis Mistakidis, Simeon I. Hung, Chen-Lung |
| contents | Macroscopic coherence is an important feature of quantum many-body systems exhibiting collective behaviors, with examples ranging from atomic Bose-Einstein condensates, and quantum liquids to superconductors. Probing many-body coherence in a dynamically unstable regime, however, presents an intriguing and outstanding challenge in out-of-equilibrium quantum many-body physics. Here, we experimentally study the first- and second-order coherence of degenerate quasi-one-dimensional (1D) Bose gases quenched from repulsive to modulationally unstable attractive interaction regimes. The resulting dynamics, monitored by in-situ density and matter-wave interference imaging, reveals phase-coherent density wave evolutions, clearly distinguished from iconic soliton trains previously observed in attractive gases. This arises from the interplay between noise-amplified density modulations and dispersive shock waves of broad interest in nonlinear physics, plasmas, granular systems, and beyond. At longer times, the gases become phase-scrambled, exhibiting a finite correlation length. Interestingly, following an interaction quench back to the repulsive regime, we observe that quasi-long-range coherence can be spontaneously re-established. This captivating rephasing dynamics can be attributed to the nucleation and annihilation of density defects in the quasi-1D geometry. These results shed light on out-of-equilibrium phase coherence in quantum many-body systems in a regime where beyond mean-field effects may arise and theoretical approaches have not been well-established. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_13597 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Direct observation of long-range many-body coherence in quasi-one-dimensional attractive Bose gases Tamura, Hikaru Banerjee, Sambit Li, Rongjie Kevrekidis, Panayotis Mistakidis, Simeon I. Hung, Chen-Lung Quantum Gases Atomic Physics Quantum Physics Macroscopic coherence is an important feature of quantum many-body systems exhibiting collective behaviors, with examples ranging from atomic Bose-Einstein condensates, and quantum liquids to superconductors. Probing many-body coherence in a dynamically unstable regime, however, presents an intriguing and outstanding challenge in out-of-equilibrium quantum many-body physics. Here, we experimentally study the first- and second-order coherence of degenerate quasi-one-dimensional (1D) Bose gases quenched from repulsive to modulationally unstable attractive interaction regimes. The resulting dynamics, monitored by in-situ density and matter-wave interference imaging, reveals phase-coherent density wave evolutions, clearly distinguished from iconic soliton trains previously observed in attractive gases. This arises from the interplay between noise-amplified density modulations and dispersive shock waves of broad interest in nonlinear physics, plasmas, granular systems, and beyond. At longer times, the gases become phase-scrambled, exhibiting a finite correlation length. Interestingly, following an interaction quench back to the repulsive regime, we observe that quasi-long-range coherence can be spontaneously re-established. This captivating rephasing dynamics can be attributed to the nucleation and annihilation of density defects in the quasi-1D geometry. These results shed light on out-of-equilibrium phase coherence in quantum many-body systems in a regime where beyond mean-field effects may arise and theoretical approaches have not been well-established. |
| title | Direct observation of long-range many-body coherence in quasi-one-dimensional attractive Bose gases |
| topic | Quantum Gases Atomic Physics Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13597 |