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| Auteurs principaux: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Publié: |
2025
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| Accès en ligne: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13812 |
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| _version_ | 1866917446024167424 |
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| author | Saucedo, Jonathan Rincón Martínez-Huerta, Humberto Huet, Adolfo Hernández-Almada, Alberto García-Aspeitia, Miguel A. |
| author_facet | Saucedo, Jonathan Rincón Martínez-Huerta, Humberto Huet, Adolfo Hernández-Almada, Alberto García-Aspeitia, Miguel A. |
| contents | We explore a phenomenological extension of the Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model by introducing a curvature-sensitive effective contribution to the Polyakov loop potential, motivated by the hypothesis that the non-perturbative QCD vacuum in the confined phase may retain a residual sensitivity to cosmic expansion. In a spatially flat FLRW background, this modification reduces to a term proportional to $α(H/H_0)^d f(Φ, Φ^*)$, which naturally vanishes in the deconfined regime and behaves as an effective dynamical vacuum component at late times, without invoking a fundamental cosmological constant. The construction provides an effective thermodynamic description of the QCD sector within an adiabatic framework and introduces a minimal phenomenological extension characterized by the exponent $d$ and the amplitude parameter $α$. We analyze the cosmological implications at the background level and confront the model with low-redshift observations, including cosmic chronometers, Type Ia supernovae, HII galaxies, and quasars. Using Bayesian Monte Carlo techniques, we constrain the model parameters and compare its performance with $Λ$CDM. Our results indicate that the modified PNJL cosmology provides a statistically competitive fit to current data while allowing small departures from $Λ$CDM within observational uncertainties. We also investigate the impact of the coupling on the QCD phase diagram and the critical end point. The framework offers a tractable effective approach to connect confinement physics with late-time cosmology and suggests directions for further theoretical development in QCD under curved backgrounds. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_13812 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Late-Time Cosmic Acceleration from QCD Confinement Dynamics Saucedo, Jonathan Rincón Martínez-Huerta, Humberto Huet, Adolfo Hernández-Almada, Alberto García-Aspeitia, Miguel A. General Physics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology We explore a phenomenological extension of the Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model by introducing a curvature-sensitive effective contribution to the Polyakov loop potential, motivated by the hypothesis that the non-perturbative QCD vacuum in the confined phase may retain a residual sensitivity to cosmic expansion. In a spatially flat FLRW background, this modification reduces to a term proportional to $α(H/H_0)^d f(Φ, Φ^*)$, which naturally vanishes in the deconfined regime and behaves as an effective dynamical vacuum component at late times, without invoking a fundamental cosmological constant. The construction provides an effective thermodynamic description of the QCD sector within an adiabatic framework and introduces a minimal phenomenological extension characterized by the exponent $d$ and the amplitude parameter $α$. We analyze the cosmological implications at the background level and confront the model with low-redshift observations, including cosmic chronometers, Type Ia supernovae, HII galaxies, and quasars. Using Bayesian Monte Carlo techniques, we constrain the model parameters and compare its performance with $Λ$CDM. Our results indicate that the modified PNJL cosmology provides a statistically competitive fit to current data while allowing small departures from $Λ$CDM within observational uncertainties. We also investigate the impact of the coupling on the QCD phase diagram and the critical end point. The framework offers a tractable effective approach to connect confinement physics with late-time cosmology and suggests directions for further theoretical development in QCD under curved backgrounds. |
| title | Late-Time Cosmic Acceleration from QCD Confinement Dynamics |
| topic | General Physics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13812 |