Experimental Demonstration of High-Fidelity Logical Magic States from Code Switching
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Daguerre, Lucas Blume-Kohout, Robin Brown, Natalie C. Hayes, David Kim, Isaac H. |
| author_facet | Daguerre, Lucas Blume-Kohout, Robin Brown, Natalie C. Hayes, David Kim, Isaac H. |
| contents | Preparation of high-fidelity logical magic states has remained as a necessary but daunting step towards building a large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computer. One approach is to fault-tolerantly prepare a magic state in one code and then switch to another, a method known as code switching. We experimentally demonstrate this protocol on an ion-trap quantum processor, yielding a logical magic state encoded in an error-correcting code with state-of-the-art logical fidelity. Our experiment is based on the first demonstration of code switching between color codes, from the fifteen-qubit quantum Reed-Muller code to the seven-qubit Steane code. We prepare an encoded magic state in the Steane code with $82.58\%$ probability, with an infidelity of at most $5.1(2.7) \times 10^{-4}$. The reported infidelity is lower than the leading infidelity of the physical operations utilized in the protocol by a factor of at least $2.7$, indicating the quantum processor is below the pseudo-threshold. Furthermore, we create two copies of the magic state in the same quantum processor and perform a logical Bell basis measurement for a sample-efficient certification of the encoded magic state. The high-fidelity magic state can be combined with the already-demonstrated fault-tolerant Clifford gates, state preparation, and measurement of the 2D color code, completing a universal set of fault-tolerant computational primitives with logical error rates equal or better than the physical two-qubit error rate. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_14169 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Experimental Demonstration of High-Fidelity Logical Magic States from Code Switching Daguerre, Lucas Blume-Kohout, Robin Brown, Natalie C. Hayes, David Kim, Isaac H. Quantum Physics Preparation of high-fidelity logical magic states has remained as a necessary but daunting step towards building a large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computer. One approach is to fault-tolerantly prepare a magic state in one code and then switch to another, a method known as code switching. We experimentally demonstrate this protocol on an ion-trap quantum processor, yielding a logical magic state encoded in an error-correcting code with state-of-the-art logical fidelity. Our experiment is based on the first demonstration of code switching between color codes, from the fifteen-qubit quantum Reed-Muller code to the seven-qubit Steane code. We prepare an encoded magic state in the Steane code with $82.58\%$ probability, with an infidelity of at most $5.1(2.7) \times 10^{-4}$. The reported infidelity is lower than the leading infidelity of the physical operations utilized in the protocol by a factor of at least $2.7$, indicating the quantum processor is below the pseudo-threshold. Furthermore, we create two copies of the magic state in the same quantum processor and perform a logical Bell basis measurement for a sample-efficient certification of the encoded magic state. The high-fidelity magic state can be combined with the already-demonstrated fault-tolerant Clifford gates, state preparation, and measurement of the 2D color code, completing a universal set of fault-tolerant computational primitives with logical error rates equal or better than the physical two-qubit error rate. |
| title | Experimental Demonstration of High-Fidelity Logical Magic States from Code Switching |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14169 |