Keigo: Co-designing Log-Structured Merge Key-Value Stores with a Non-Volatile, Concurrency-aware Storage Hierarchy (Extended Version)

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Adão, Rúben, Wu, Zhongjie, Zhou, Changjun, Balmau, Oana, Paulo, João, Macedo, Ricardo
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Adão, Rúben
Wu, Zhongjie
Zhou, Changjun
Balmau, Oana
Paulo, João
Macedo, Ricardo
author_facet Adão, Rúben
Wu, Zhongjie
Zhou, Changjun
Balmau, Oana
Paulo, João
Macedo, Ricardo
contents We present Keigo, a concurrency- and workload-aware storage middleware that enhances the performance of log-structured merge key-value stores (LSM KVS) when they are deployed on a hierarchy of storage devices. The key observation behind Keigo is that there is no one-size-fits-all placement of data across the storage hierarchy that optimizes for all workloads. Hence, to leverage the benefits of combining different storage devices, Keigo places files across different devices based on their parallelism, I/O bandwidth, and capacity. We introduce three techniques - concurrency-aware data placement, persistent read-only caching, and context-based I/O differentiation. Keigo is portable across different LSMs, is adaptable to dynamic workloads, and does not require extensive profiling. Our system enables established production KVS such as RocksDB, LevelDB, and Speedb to benefit from heterogeneous storage setups. We evaluate Keigo using synthetic and realistic workloads, showing that it improves the throughput of production-grade LSMs up to 4x for write- and 18x for read-heavy workloads when compared to general-purpose storage systems and specialized LSM KVS.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_14630
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Keigo: Co-designing Log-Structured Merge Key-Value Stores with a Non-Volatile, Concurrency-aware Storage Hierarchy (Extended Version)
Adão, Rúben
Wu, Zhongjie
Zhou, Changjun
Balmau, Oana
Paulo, João
Macedo, Ricardo
Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
Databases
We present Keigo, a concurrency- and workload-aware storage middleware that enhances the performance of log-structured merge key-value stores (LSM KVS) when they are deployed on a hierarchy of storage devices. The key observation behind Keigo is that there is no one-size-fits-all placement of data across the storage hierarchy that optimizes for all workloads. Hence, to leverage the benefits of combining different storage devices, Keigo places files across different devices based on their parallelism, I/O bandwidth, and capacity. We introduce three techniques - concurrency-aware data placement, persistent read-only caching, and context-based I/O differentiation. Keigo is portable across different LSMs, is adaptable to dynamic workloads, and does not require extensive profiling. Our system enables established production KVS such as RocksDB, LevelDB, and Speedb to benefit from heterogeneous storage setups. We evaluate Keigo using synthetic and realistic workloads, showing that it improves the throughput of production-grade LSMs up to 4x for write- and 18x for read-heavy workloads when compared to general-purpose storage systems and specialized LSM KVS.
title Keigo: Co-designing Log-Structured Merge Key-Value Stores with a Non-Volatile, Concurrency-aware Storage Hierarchy (Extended Version)
topic Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
Databases
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14630