Search for the in-situ production of $^{77}$Ge in the GERDA neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment

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Main Authors:	Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Calgaro, S., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Chiu, P. -J., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Marshall, G., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Sailer, S., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A-K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Sullivan, S., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zuber, K., Zuzel, G.
Format:	Preprint
Published:	2025
Subjects:	Nuclear Experiment Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
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author	Agostini, M. Alexander, A. Araujo, G. Bakalyarov, A. M. Balata, M. Barabanov, I. Baudis, L. Bauer, C. Belogurov, S. Bettini, A. Bezrukov, L. Biancacci, V. Bossio, E. Bothe, V. Brugnera, R. Caldwell, A. Calgaro, S. Cattadori, C. Chernogorov, A. Chiu, P. -J. Comellato, T. D'Andrea, V. Demidova, E. V. Di Marco, N. Doroshkevich, E. Fomina, M. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, A. Gooch, C. Grabmayr, P. Gurentsov, V. Gusev, K. Hakenmüller, J. Hemmer, S. Hofmann, W. Huang, J. Hult, M. Inzhechik, L. V. Csáthy, J. Janicskó Jochum, J. Junker, M. Kazalov, V. Kermaïdic, Y. Khushbakht, H. Kihm, T. Kilgus, K. Kirpichnikov, I. V. Klimenko, A. Knöpfle, K. T. Kochetov, O. Kornoukhov, V. N. Krause, P. Kuzminov, V. V. Laubenstein, M. Lindner, M. Lippi, I. Lubashevskiy, A. Lubsandorzhiev, B. Lutter, G. Macolino, C. Majorovits, B. Maneschg, W. Marshall, G. Misiaszek, M. Morella, M. Müller, Y. Nemchenok, I. Neuberger, M. Pandola, L. Pelczar, K. Pertoldi, L. Piseri, P. Pullia, A. Ransom, C. Rauscher, L. Redchuk, M. Riboldi, S. Rumyantseva, N. Sada, C. Sailer, S. Salamida, F. Schönert, S. Schreiner, J. Schütt, M. Schütz, A-K. Schulz, O. Schwarz, M. Schwingenheuer, B. Selivanenko, O. Shevchik, E. Shirchenko, M. Shtembari, L. Simgen, H. Smolnikov, A. Stukov, D. Sullivan, S. Vasenko, A. A. Veresnikova, A. Vignoli, C. von Sturm, K. Wester, T. Wiesinger, C. Wojcik, M. Yanovich, E. Zatschler, B. Zhitnikov, I. Zhukov, S. V. Zinatulina, D. Zschocke, A. Zuber, K. Zuzel, G.
author_facet	Agostini, M. Alexander, A. Araujo, G. Bakalyarov, A. M. Balata, M. Barabanov, I. Baudis, L. Bauer, C. Belogurov, S. Bettini, A. Bezrukov, L. Biancacci, V. Bossio, E. Bothe, V. Brugnera, R. Caldwell, A. Calgaro, S. Cattadori, C. Chernogorov, A. Chiu, P. -J. Comellato, T. D'Andrea, V. Demidova, E. V. Di Marco, N. Doroshkevich, E. Fomina, M. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, A. Gooch, C. Grabmayr, P. Gurentsov, V. Gusev, K. Hakenmüller, J. Hemmer, S. Hofmann, W. Huang, J. Hult, M. Inzhechik, L. V. Csáthy, J. Janicskó Jochum, J. Junker, M. Kazalov, V. Kermaïdic, Y. Khushbakht, H. Kihm, T. Kilgus, K. Kirpichnikov, I. V. Klimenko, A. Knöpfle, K. T. Kochetov, O. Kornoukhov, V. N. Krause, P. Kuzminov, V. V. Laubenstein, M. Lindner, M. Lippi, I. Lubashevskiy, A. Lubsandorzhiev, B. Lutter, G. Macolino, C. Majorovits, B. Maneschg, W. Marshall, G. Misiaszek, M. Morella, M. Müller, Y. Nemchenok, I. Neuberger, M. Pandola, L. Pelczar, K. Pertoldi, L. Piseri, P. Pullia, A. Ransom, C. Rauscher, L. Redchuk, M. Riboldi, S. Rumyantseva, N. Sada, C. Sailer, S. Salamida, F. Schönert, S. Schreiner, J. Schütt, M. Schütz, A-K. Schulz, O. Schwarz, M. Schwingenheuer, B. Selivanenko, O. Shevchik, E. Shirchenko, M. Shtembari, L. Simgen, H. Smolnikov, A. Stukov, D. Sullivan, S. Vasenko, A. A. Veresnikova, A. Vignoli, C. von Sturm, K. Wester, T. Wiesinger, C. Wojcik, M. Yanovich, E. Zatschler, B. Zhitnikov, I. Zhukov, S. V. Zinatulina, D. Zschocke, A. Zuber, K. Zuzel, G.
contents	The beta decay of $^{77}$Ge and $^{77\mathrm{m}}$Ge, both produced by neutron capture on $^{76}$Ge, is a potential background for Germanium based neutrinoless double-beta decay search experiments such as GERDA or the LEGEND experiment. In this work we present a search for $^{77}$Ge decays in the full GERDA Phase II data set. A delayed coincidence method was employed to identify the decay of $^{77}$Ge via the isomeric state of $^{77}$As (9/2$^+$, 475 keV, ${T_{1/2} = 114}\,μ$s, $^{77\mathrm{m}}$As). New digital signal processing methods were employed to select and analyze pile-up signals. No signal was observed, and an upper limit on the production rate of was set at $<0.216$ nuc/(kg$\cdot$yr) (90% CL). This corresponds to a total production rate of $^{77}$Ge and $^{77\mathrm{m}}$Ge of $<0.38$ nuc/(kg$\cdot$ yr) (90% CL), assuming equal production rates. A previous Monte Carlo study predicted a value for in-situ $^{77}$Ge and $^{77\mathrm{m}}$Ge production of (0.21$\pm$0.07) nuc/(kg$\cdot$yr), a prediction that is now further corroborated by our experimental limit. Moreover, tagging the isomeric state of $^{77\mathrm{m}}$As can be utilised to further suppress the $^{77}$Ge background. Considering the similar experimental configurations of LEGEND-1000 and GERDA, the cosmogenic background in LEGEND-1000 at LNGS is estimated to remain at a sub-dominant level.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_16955
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2025
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	Search for the in-situ production of $^{77}$Ge in the GERDA neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment Agostini, M. Alexander, A. Araujo, G. Bakalyarov, A. M. Balata, M. Barabanov, I. Baudis, L. Bauer, C. Belogurov, S. Bettini, A. Bezrukov, L. Biancacci, V. Bossio, E. Bothe, V. Brugnera, R. Caldwell, A. Calgaro, S. Cattadori, C. Chernogorov, A. Chiu, P. -J. Comellato, T. D'Andrea, V. Demidova, E. V. Di Marco, N. Doroshkevich, E. Fomina, M. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, A. Gooch, C. Grabmayr, P. Gurentsov, V. Gusev, K. Hakenmüller, J. Hemmer, S. Hofmann, W. Huang, J. Hult, M. Inzhechik, L. V. Csáthy, J. Janicskó Jochum, J. Junker, M. Kazalov, V. Kermaïdic, Y. Khushbakht, H. Kihm, T. Kilgus, K. Kirpichnikov, I. V. Klimenko, A. Knöpfle, K. T. Kochetov, O. Kornoukhov, V. N. Krause, P. Kuzminov, V. V. Laubenstein, M. Lindner, M. Lippi, I. Lubashevskiy, A. Lubsandorzhiev, B. Lutter, G. Macolino, C. Majorovits, B. Maneschg, W. Marshall, G. Misiaszek, M. Morella, M. Müller, Y. Nemchenok, I. Neuberger, M. Pandola, L. Pelczar, K. Pertoldi, L. Piseri, P. Pullia, A. Ransom, C. Rauscher, L. Redchuk, M. Riboldi, S. Rumyantseva, N. Sada, C. Sailer, S. Salamida, F. Schönert, S. Schreiner, J. Schütt, M. Schütz, A-K. Schulz, O. Schwarz, M. Schwingenheuer, B. Selivanenko, O. Shevchik, E. Shirchenko, M. Shtembari, L. Simgen, H. Smolnikov, A. Stukov, D. Sullivan, S. Vasenko, A. A. Veresnikova, A. Vignoli, C. von Sturm, K. Wester, T. Wiesinger, C. Wojcik, M. Yanovich, E. Zatschler, B. Zhitnikov, I. Zhukov, S. V. Zinatulina, D. Zschocke, A. Zuber, K. Zuzel, G. Nuclear Experiment Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics The beta decay of $^{77}$Ge and $^{77\mathrm{m}}$Ge, both produced by neutron capture on $^{76}$Ge, is a potential background for Germanium based neutrinoless double-beta decay search experiments such as GERDA or the LEGEND experiment. In this work we present a search for $^{77}$Ge decays in the full GERDA Phase II data set. A delayed coincidence method was employed to identify the decay of $^{77}$Ge via the isomeric state of $^{77}$As (9/2$^+$, 475 keV, ${T_{1/2} = 114}\,μ$s, $^{77\mathrm{m}}$As). New digital signal processing methods were employed to select and analyze pile-up signals. No signal was observed, and an upper limit on the production rate of was set at $<0.216$ nuc/(kg$\cdot$yr) (90% CL). This corresponds to a total production rate of $^{77}$Ge and $^{77\mathrm{m}}$Ge of $<0.38$ nuc/(kg$\cdot$ yr) (90% CL), assuming equal production rates. A previous Monte Carlo study predicted a value for in-situ $^{77}$Ge and $^{77\mathrm{m}}$Ge production of (0.21$\pm$0.07) nuc/(kg$\cdot$yr), a prediction that is now further corroborated by our experimental limit. Moreover, tagging the isomeric state of $^{77\mathrm{m}}$As can be utilised to further suppress the $^{77}$Ge background. Considering the similar experimental configurations of LEGEND-1000 and GERDA, the cosmogenic background in LEGEND-1000 at LNGS is estimated to remain at a sub-dominant level.
title	Search for the in-situ production of $^{77}$Ge in the GERDA neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment
topic	Nuclear Experiment Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16955