UniFork: Exploring Modality Alignment for Unified Multimodal Understanding and Generation

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Li, Teng, Lu, Quanfeng, Zhao, Lirui, Li, Hao, Zhu, Xizhou, Qiao, Yu, Zhang, Jun, Shao, Wenqi
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866913904633839616
author Li, Teng
Lu, Quanfeng
Zhao, Lirui
Li, Hao
Zhu, Xizhou
Qiao, Yu
Zhang, Jun
Shao, Wenqi
author_facet Li, Teng
Lu, Quanfeng
Zhao, Lirui
Li, Hao
Zhu, Xizhou
Qiao, Yu
Zhang, Jun
Shao, Wenqi
contents Unified image understanding and generation has emerged as a promising paradigm in multimodal artificial intelligence. Despite recent progress, the optimal architectural design for such unified models remains an open challenge. In this work, we start by analyzing the modality alignment behaviors of task-specific expert models for understanding and generation, as well as current unified models. Our analysis reveals a crucial observation: understanding tasks benefit from a progressively increasing modality alignment across network depth, which helps build up semantic information for better comprehension; In contrast, generation tasks follow a different trend: modality alignment increases in the early layers but decreases in the deep layers to recover spatial details. These divergent alignment patterns create a fundamental conflict in fully shared Transformer backbones, where a uniform representational flow often leads to performance compromises across two tasks. Motivated by this finding, we introduce UniFork, a novel Y-shaped architecture that shares the shallow layers for cross-task representation learning, while employing task-specific branches in deeper layers to avoid task interference. This design effectively balances shared learning and task specialization. Through extensive ablation experiments, we demonstrate that Unifork consistently outperforms conventional fully shared Transformer architectures, and achieves performance on par with or better than task-specific models.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_17202
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle UniFork: Exploring Modality Alignment for Unified Multimodal Understanding and Generation
Li, Teng
Lu, Quanfeng
Zhao, Lirui
Li, Hao
Zhu, Xizhou
Qiao, Yu
Zhang, Jun
Shao, Wenqi
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Unified image understanding and generation has emerged as a promising paradigm in multimodal artificial intelligence. Despite recent progress, the optimal architectural design for such unified models remains an open challenge. In this work, we start by analyzing the modality alignment behaviors of task-specific expert models for understanding and generation, as well as current unified models. Our analysis reveals a crucial observation: understanding tasks benefit from a progressively increasing modality alignment across network depth, which helps build up semantic information for better comprehension; In contrast, generation tasks follow a different trend: modality alignment increases in the early layers but decreases in the deep layers to recover spatial details. These divergent alignment patterns create a fundamental conflict in fully shared Transformer backbones, where a uniform representational flow often leads to performance compromises across two tasks. Motivated by this finding, we introduce UniFork, a novel Y-shaped architecture that shares the shallow layers for cross-task representation learning, while employing task-specific branches in deeper layers to avoid task interference. This design effectively balances shared learning and task specialization. Through extensive ablation experiments, we demonstrate that Unifork consistently outperforms conventional fully shared Transformer architectures, and achieves performance on par with or better than task-specific models.
title UniFork: Exploring Modality Alignment for Unified Multimodal Understanding and Generation
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.17202