Automatic Depression Assessment using Machine Learning: A Comprehensive Survey

Fuente: arXiv
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Hauptverfasser: Song, Siyang, Huo, Yupeng, Tang, Shiqing, Cheong, Jiaee, Gao, Rui, Valstar, Michel, Gunes, Hatice
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Song, Siyang
Huo, Yupeng
Tang, Shiqing
Cheong, Jiaee
Gao, Rui
Valstar, Michel
Gunes, Hatice
author_facet Song, Siyang
Huo, Yupeng
Tang, Shiqing
Cheong, Jiaee
Gao, Rui
Valstar, Michel
Gunes, Hatice
contents Depression is a common mental illness across current human society. Traditional depression assessment relying on inventories and interviews with psychologists frequently suffer from subjective diagnosis results, slow and expensive diagnosis process as well as lack of human resources. Since there is a solid evidence that depression is reflected by various human internal brain activities and external expressive behaviours, early traditional machine learning (ML) and advanced deep learning (DL) models have been widely explored for human behaviour-based automatic depression assessment (ADA) since 2012. However, recent ADA surveys typically only focus on a limited number of human behaviour modalities. Despite being used as a theoretical basis for developing ADA approaches, existing ADA surveys lack a comprehensive review and summary of multi-modal depression-related human behaviours. To bridge this gap, this paper specifically summarises depression-related human behaviours across a range of modalities (e.g. the human brain, verbal language and non-verbal audio/facial/body behaviours). We focus on conducting an up-to-date and comprehensive survey of ML-based ADA approaches for learning depression cues from these behaviours as well as discussing and comparing their distinctive features and limitations. In addition, we also review existing ADA competitions and datasets, identify and discuss the main challenges and opportunities to provide further research directions for future ADA researchers.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_18915
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Automatic Depression Assessment using Machine Learning: A Comprehensive Survey
Song, Siyang
Huo, Yupeng
Tang, Shiqing
Cheong, Jiaee
Gao, Rui
Valstar, Michel
Gunes, Hatice
Neurons and Cognition
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
68T40
I.2.1
Depression is a common mental illness across current human society. Traditional depression assessment relying on inventories and interviews with psychologists frequently suffer from subjective diagnosis results, slow and expensive diagnosis process as well as lack of human resources. Since there is a solid evidence that depression is reflected by various human internal brain activities and external expressive behaviours, early traditional machine learning (ML) and advanced deep learning (DL) models have been widely explored for human behaviour-based automatic depression assessment (ADA) since 2012. However, recent ADA surveys typically only focus on a limited number of human behaviour modalities. Despite being used as a theoretical basis for developing ADA approaches, existing ADA surveys lack a comprehensive review and summary of multi-modal depression-related human behaviours. To bridge this gap, this paper specifically summarises depression-related human behaviours across a range of modalities (e.g. the human brain, verbal language and non-verbal audio/facial/body behaviours). We focus on conducting an up-to-date and comprehensive survey of ML-based ADA approaches for learning depression cues from these behaviours as well as discussing and comparing their distinctive features and limitations. In addition, we also review existing ADA competitions and datasets, identify and discuss the main challenges and opportunities to provide further research directions for future ADA researchers.
title Automatic Depression Assessment using Machine Learning: A Comprehensive Survey
topic Neurons and Cognition
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
68T40
I.2.1
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18915