SOF: Sorted Opacity Fields for Fast Unbounded Surface Reconstruction

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Radl, Lukas, Windisch, Felix, Deixelberger, Thomas, Hladky, Jozef, Steiner, Michael, Schmalstieg, Dieter, Steinberger, Markus
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2025
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author Radl, Lukas
Windisch, Felix
Deixelberger, Thomas
Hladky, Jozef
Steiner, Michael
Schmalstieg, Dieter
Steinberger, Markus
author_facet Radl, Lukas
Windisch, Felix
Deixelberger, Thomas
Hladky, Jozef
Steiner, Michael
Schmalstieg, Dieter
Steinberger, Markus
contents Recent advances in 3D Gaussian representations have significantly improved the quality and efficiency of image-based scene reconstruction. Their explicit nature facilitates real-time rendering and fast optimization, yet extracting accurate surfaces - particularly in large-scale, unbounded environments - remains a difficult task. Many existing methods rely on approximate depth estimates and global sorting heuristics, which can introduce artifacts and limit the fidelity of the reconstructed mesh. In this paper, we present Sorted Opacity Fields (SOF), a method designed to recover detailed surfaces from 3D Gaussians with both speed and precision. Our approach improves upon prior work by introducing hierarchical resorting and a robust formulation of Gaussian depth, which better aligns with the level-set. To enhance mesh quality, we incorporate a level-set regularizer operating on the opacity field and introduce losses that encourage geometrically-consistent primitive shapes. In addition, we develop a parallelized Marching Tetrahedra algorithm tailored to our opacity formulation, reducing meshing time by up to an order of magnitude. As demonstrated by our quantitative evaluation, SOF achieves higher reconstruction accuracy while cutting total processing time by more than a factor of three. These results mark a step forward in turning efficient Gaussian-based rendering into equally efficient geometry extraction.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_19139
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle SOF: Sorted Opacity Fields for Fast Unbounded Surface Reconstruction
Radl, Lukas
Windisch, Felix
Deixelberger, Thomas
Hladky, Jozef
Steiner, Michael
Schmalstieg, Dieter
Steinberger, Markus
Graphics
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Recent advances in 3D Gaussian representations have significantly improved the quality and efficiency of image-based scene reconstruction. Their explicit nature facilitates real-time rendering and fast optimization, yet extracting accurate surfaces - particularly in large-scale, unbounded environments - remains a difficult task. Many existing methods rely on approximate depth estimates and global sorting heuristics, which can introduce artifacts and limit the fidelity of the reconstructed mesh. In this paper, we present Sorted Opacity Fields (SOF), a method designed to recover detailed surfaces from 3D Gaussians with both speed and precision. Our approach improves upon prior work by introducing hierarchical resorting and a robust formulation of Gaussian depth, which better aligns with the level-set. To enhance mesh quality, we incorporate a level-set regularizer operating on the opacity field and introduce losses that encourage geometrically-consistent primitive shapes. In addition, we develop a parallelized Marching Tetrahedra algorithm tailored to our opacity formulation, reducing meshing time by up to an order of magnitude. As demonstrated by our quantitative evaluation, SOF achieves higher reconstruction accuracy while cutting total processing time by more than a factor of three. These results mark a step forward in turning efficient Gaussian-based rendering into equally efficient geometry extraction.
title SOF: Sorted Opacity Fields for Fast Unbounded Surface Reconstruction
topic Graphics
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19139