Experimental violation of a Bell-like inequality for causal order

Fuente: arXiv
Enregistré dans:
Détails bibliographiques
Auteurs principaux: Guo, Yu, Tang, Hao, Hu, Xiao-Min, Huang, Yun-Feng, Liu, Chuan-Feng, Guo, Guang-Can, Chiribella, Giulio, Liu, Bi-Heng
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2025
Sujets:
Accès en ligne:
Tags: Ajouter un tag
Pas de tags, Soyez le premier à ajouter un tag!
_version_ 1866918070028599296
author Guo, Yu
Tang, Hao
Hu, Xiao-Min
Huang, Yun-Feng
Liu, Chuan-Feng
Guo, Guang-Can
Chiribella, Giulio
Liu, Bi-Heng
author_facet Guo, Yu
Tang, Hao
Hu, Xiao-Min
Huang, Yun-Feng
Liu, Chuan-Feng
Guo, Guang-Can
Chiribella, Giulio
Liu, Bi-Heng
contents Quantum mechanics allows for coherent control over the order in which different processes take place on a target system, giving rise to a new feature known as indefinite causal order. Indefinite causal order provides a resource for quantum information processing, and can be in principle be detected by the violation of certain inequalities on the correlations between measurement outcomes observed in the laboratory, in a similar way as quantum nonlocality can be detected by the violation of Bell inequalities. Here we report the experimental violation of a Bell-like inequality for causal order using a photonic setup where the order of two optical processes is controlled by a single photon of a polarization-entangled photon pair. Our proof-of-principle demonstration overcomes major technical challenges, including the need of high-speed quantum operations in photonic time-bin encoding, nanosecond synchronization of active optical and electronic elements to meet the target required for spacelike separation, and active temperature stabilization of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to ensure statistically significant violations. These experimental advances enable a statistically significant violation of the causal inequality, and open up a path towards a device-independent certification of indefinite order of events with uncharacterized quantum devices.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_20516
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Experimental violation of a Bell-like inequality for causal order
Guo, Yu
Tang, Hao
Hu, Xiao-Min
Huang, Yun-Feng
Liu, Chuan-Feng
Guo, Guang-Can
Chiribella, Giulio
Liu, Bi-Heng
Quantum Physics
Optics
Quantum mechanics allows for coherent control over the order in which different processes take place on a target system, giving rise to a new feature known as indefinite causal order. Indefinite causal order provides a resource for quantum information processing, and can be in principle be detected by the violation of certain inequalities on the correlations between measurement outcomes observed in the laboratory, in a similar way as quantum nonlocality can be detected by the violation of Bell inequalities. Here we report the experimental violation of a Bell-like inequality for causal order using a photonic setup where the order of two optical processes is controlled by a single photon of a polarization-entangled photon pair. Our proof-of-principle demonstration overcomes major technical challenges, including the need of high-speed quantum operations in photonic time-bin encoding, nanosecond synchronization of active optical and electronic elements to meet the target required for spacelike separation, and active temperature stabilization of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to ensure statistically significant violations. These experimental advances enable a statistically significant violation of the causal inequality, and open up a path towards a device-independent certification of indefinite order of events with uncharacterized quantum devices.
title Experimental violation of a Bell-like inequality for causal order
topic Quantum Physics
Optics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20516