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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Online-Zugang: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21061 |
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| _version_ | 1866913913688293376 |
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| author | Yan, Zhiguang Ge, Zi-Yong Li, Rui Zhang, Yu-Ran Nori, Franco Nakamura, Yasunobu |
| author_facet | Yan, Zhiguang Ge, Zi-Yong Li, Rui Zhang, Yu-Ran Nori, Franco Nakamura, Yasunobu |
| contents | Quantum simulators offer a new opportunity for the experimental exploration of non-equilibrium quantum many-body dynamics, which have traditionally been characterized through expectation values or entanglement measures, based on density matrices of the system. Recently, a more general framework for studying quantum many-body systems based on projected ensembles has been introduced, revealing novel quantum phenomena, such as deep thermalization in chaotic systems. Here, we experimentally investigate a chaotic quantum many-body system using projected ensembles on a superconducting processor with 16 qubits on a square lattice. Our results provide direct evidence of deep thermalization by observing a Haar-distributed projected ensemble for the steady states within a charge-conserved sector. Moreover, by introducing an ensemble-averaged entropy as a metric, we establish a benchmark for many-body information leakage from the system to its environment. Our work paves the way for studying quantum many-body dynamics using projected ensembles and shows a potential implication for advancing quantum simulation techniques. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_21061 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Characterizing Many-body Dynamics with Projected Ensembles on a Superconducting Quantum Processor Yan, Zhiguang Ge, Zi-Yong Li, Rui Zhang, Yu-Ran Nori, Franco Nakamura, Yasunobu Quantum Physics Statistical Mechanics Quantum simulators offer a new opportunity for the experimental exploration of non-equilibrium quantum many-body dynamics, which have traditionally been characterized through expectation values or entanglement measures, based on density matrices of the system. Recently, a more general framework for studying quantum many-body systems based on projected ensembles has been introduced, revealing novel quantum phenomena, such as deep thermalization in chaotic systems. Here, we experimentally investigate a chaotic quantum many-body system using projected ensembles on a superconducting processor with 16 qubits on a square lattice. Our results provide direct evidence of deep thermalization by observing a Haar-distributed projected ensemble for the steady states within a charge-conserved sector. Moreover, by introducing an ensemble-averaged entropy as a metric, we establish a benchmark for many-body information leakage from the system to its environment. Our work paves the way for studying quantum many-body dynamics using projected ensembles and shows a potential implication for advancing quantum simulation techniques. |
| title | Characterizing Many-body Dynamics with Projected Ensembles on a Superconducting Quantum Processor |
| topic | Quantum Physics Statistical Mechanics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21061 |