Revealing electron-lattice decoupling by Peltier thermometry and nanoscale thermal imaging in graphene
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arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866912451918823424 |
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| author | Srivastav, Saurabh Kumar Völkl, Tobias Quaresima, Gary Myasoedov, Yuri Huber, Martin E. Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Levitov, L. S. Pesin, D. A. Zeldov, Eli |
| author_facet | Srivastav, Saurabh Kumar Völkl, Tobias Quaresima, Gary Myasoedov, Yuri Huber, Martin E. Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Levitov, L. S. Pesin, D. A. Zeldov, Eli |
| contents | Electrical currents in low-dimensional quantum materials can drive electrons far from equilibrium, creating stark imbalance between electron and lattice temperatures. Yet, no existing methods enable simultaneous nanoscale mapping of both temperatures at cryogenic conditions. Here, we introduce a scanning probe technique that images the local lattice temperature and extracts electron temperature at gate-defined p-n junctions in graphene. By applying an alternating electrical current and analyzing first- and second-harmonic responses, we disentangle Joule heating from the Peltier effect-the latter encoding the local electron temperature. This enables the first spatially resolved cryogenic imaging of both phenomena in graphene. Even under modest current bias, the electron temperature increases by nearly three orders of magnitude more than the lattice temperature, revealing strong electron-phonon decoupling and indicating a previously unrecognized electron cooling pathway. Our minimally invasive method is broadly applicable to van der Waals heterostructures and opens new avenues for probing energy dissipation and non-equilibrium transport in correlated and hydrodynamic electron systems. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_21523 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Revealing electron-lattice decoupling by Peltier thermometry and nanoscale thermal imaging in graphene Srivastav, Saurabh Kumar Völkl, Tobias Quaresima, Gary Myasoedov, Yuri Huber, Martin E. Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Levitov, L. S. Pesin, D. A. Zeldov, Eli Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Electrical currents in low-dimensional quantum materials can drive electrons far from equilibrium, creating stark imbalance between electron and lattice temperatures. Yet, no existing methods enable simultaneous nanoscale mapping of both temperatures at cryogenic conditions. Here, we introduce a scanning probe technique that images the local lattice temperature and extracts electron temperature at gate-defined p-n junctions in graphene. By applying an alternating electrical current and analyzing first- and second-harmonic responses, we disentangle Joule heating from the Peltier effect-the latter encoding the local electron temperature. This enables the first spatially resolved cryogenic imaging of both phenomena in graphene. Even under modest current bias, the electron temperature increases by nearly three orders of magnitude more than the lattice temperature, revealing strong electron-phonon decoupling and indicating a previously unrecognized electron cooling pathway. Our minimally invasive method is broadly applicable to van der Waals heterostructures and opens new avenues for probing energy dissipation and non-equilibrium transport in correlated and hydrodynamic electron systems. |
| title | Revealing electron-lattice decoupling by Peltier thermometry and nanoscale thermal imaging in graphene |
| topic | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21523 |