Chiral Quantum Droplet in a Spin-Orbit Coupled Bose Gas
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866908595026657280 |
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| author | Luo, Tianqi Cui, Xiaoling |
| author_facet | Luo, Tianqi Cui, Xiaoling |
| contents | We report the formation of chiral quantum droplet in a spin-orbit coupled Bose gas, where the system turns to a self-bound droplet when moving towards a particular direction and remains gaseous otherwise. The chirality arises from the breaking of Galilean invariance by spin-orbit coupling, which enables the system to dynamically adjust its condensation momentum and spin polarization in response to its velocity. As a result, only towards a specific moving direction and beyond a critical velocity, the acquired spin polarization can trigger collective interactions sufficient for self-binding and drive a first-order transition from gas to droplet. We have mapped out a phase diagram of droplet, gas and their coexistence for realistic spin-orbit coupled 39K mixtures with tunable moving velocity and magnetic detuning. Our results have revealed the emergence of chirality in spin-orbit coupled quantum gases, which shed light on general chiral phenomena in moving systems with broken Galilean invariance. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_22198 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Chiral Quantum Droplet in a Spin-Orbit Coupled Bose Gas Luo, Tianqi Cui, Xiaoling Quantum Gases We report the formation of chiral quantum droplet in a spin-orbit coupled Bose gas, where the system turns to a self-bound droplet when moving towards a particular direction and remains gaseous otherwise. The chirality arises from the breaking of Galilean invariance by spin-orbit coupling, which enables the system to dynamically adjust its condensation momentum and spin polarization in response to its velocity. As a result, only towards a specific moving direction and beyond a critical velocity, the acquired spin polarization can trigger collective interactions sufficient for self-binding and drive a first-order transition from gas to droplet. We have mapped out a phase diagram of droplet, gas and their coexistence for realistic spin-orbit coupled 39K mixtures with tunable moving velocity and magnetic detuning. Our results have revealed the emergence of chirality in spin-orbit coupled quantum gases, which shed light on general chiral phenomena in moving systems with broken Galilean invariance. |
| title | Chiral Quantum Droplet in a Spin-Orbit Coupled Bose Gas |
| topic | Quantum Gases |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22198 |