Causal Inference for Aggregated Treatment

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Caetano, Carolina, Caetano, Gregorio, Callaway, Brantly, Dyal, Derek
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866909983559385088
author Caetano, Carolina
Caetano, Gregorio
Callaway, Brantly
Dyal, Derek
author_facet Caetano, Carolina
Caetano, Gregorio
Callaway, Brantly
Dyal, Derek
contents In this paper, we study causal inference when the treatment variable is an aggregation of multiple sub-treatment variables. Researchers often report marginal causal effects for the aggregated treatment, implicitly assuming that the target parameter corresponds to a well-defined average of sub-treatment effects. We show that, even in an ideal scenario for causal inference such as random assignment, the weights underlying this average have some key undesirable properties: they are not unique, they can be negative, and, holding all else constant, these issues become exponentially more likely to occur as the number of sub-treatments increases and the support of each sub-treatment grows. We propose approaches to avoid these problems, depending on whether or not the sub-treatment variables are observed.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2506_22885
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Causal Inference for Aggregated Treatment
Caetano, Carolina
Caetano, Gregorio
Callaway, Brantly
Dyal, Derek
Econometrics
In this paper, we study causal inference when the treatment variable is an aggregation of multiple sub-treatment variables. Researchers often report marginal causal effects for the aggregated treatment, implicitly assuming that the target parameter corresponds to a well-defined average of sub-treatment effects. We show that, even in an ideal scenario for causal inference such as random assignment, the weights underlying this average have some key undesirable properties: they are not unique, they can be negative, and, holding all else constant, these issues become exponentially more likely to occur as the number of sub-treatments increases and the support of each sub-treatment grows. We propose approaches to avoid these problems, depending on whether or not the sub-treatment variables are observed.
title Causal Inference for Aggregated Treatment
topic Econometrics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22885