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Orbit and atmosphere of HIP 99770 b through the eyes of VLTI/GRAVITY

Fuente: arXiv

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Dettagli Bibliografici
Autori principali:	Winterhalder, T. O., Kammerer, J., Lacour, S., Mérand, A., Nowak, M., Stolker, T., Balmer, W. O., Marleau, G. -D., Abuter, R., Amorim, A., Asensio-Torres, R., Berger, J. -P., Beust, H., Blunt, S., Bonnefoy, M., Bonnet, H., Bordoni, M. S., Bourdarot, G., Brandner, W., Cantalloube, F., Caselli, P., Charnay, B., Chauvin, G., Chavez, A., Choquet, E., Christiaens, V., Clénet, Y., Foresto, V. Coudé du, Cridland, A., Davies, R., Dembet, R., Dexter, J., Drescher, A., Duvert, G., Eckart, A., Eisenhauer, F., Schreiber, N. M. Förster, Garcia, P., Lopez, R. Garcia, Gardner, T., Gendron, E., Genzel, R., Gillessen, S., Girard, J. H., Grant, S., Haubois, X., Heißel, G., Henning, Th., Hinkley, S., Hippler, S., Houllé, M., Hubert, Z., Jocou, L., Keppler, M., Kervella, P., Kreidberg, L., Kurtovic, N. T., Lagrange, A. -M., Lapeyrère, V., Bouquin, J. -B. Le, Lutz, D., Maire, A. -L., Mang, F., Mollière, P., Mordasini, C., Mouillet, D., Nasedkin, E., Ott, T., Otten, G. P. P. L., Paladini, C., Paumard, T., Perraut, K., Perrin, G., Pourré, N., Pueyo, L., Ribeiro, D. C., Rickman, E., Rustamkulov, Z., Shangguan, J., Shimizu, T., Sing, D., Stadler, J., Straub, O., Straubmeier, C., Sturm, E., Tacconi, L. J., van Dishoeck, E. F., Vigan, A., Vincent, F., von Fellenberg, S. D., Wang, J. J., Widmann, F., Woillez, J., Yazici, S., Collaboration, the GRAVITY
Natura:	Preprint
Pubblicazione:	2025
Soggetti:	Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Accesso online:	Acceder al recurso
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_version_	1866916817867374592
author	Winterhalder, T. O. Kammerer, J. Lacour, S. Mérand, A. Nowak, M. Stolker, T. Balmer, W. O. Marleau, G. -D. Abuter, R. Amorim, A. Asensio-Torres, R. Berger, J. -P. Beust, H. Blunt, S. Bonnefoy, M. Bonnet, H. Bordoni, M. S. Bourdarot, G. Brandner, W. Cantalloube, F. Caselli, P. Charnay, B. Chauvin, G. Chavez, A. Choquet, E. Christiaens, V. Clénet, Y. Foresto, V. Coudé du Cridland, A. Davies, R. Dembet, R. Dexter, J. Drescher, A. Duvert, G. Eckart, A. Eisenhauer, F. Schreiber, N. M. Förster Garcia, P. Lopez, R. Garcia Gardner, T. Gendron, E. Genzel, R. Gillessen, S. Girard, J. H. Grant, S. Haubois, X. Heißel, G. Henning, Th. Hinkley, S. Hippler, S. Houllé, M. Hubert, Z. Jocou, L. Keppler, M. Kervella, P. Kreidberg, L. Kurtovic, N. T. Lagrange, A. -M. Lapeyrère, V. Bouquin, J. -B. Le Lutz, D. Maire, A. -L. Mang, F. Mollière, P. Mordasini, C. Mouillet, D. Nasedkin, E. Ott, T. Otten, G. P. P. L. Paladini, C. Paumard, T. Perraut, K. Perrin, G. Pourré, N. Pueyo, L. Ribeiro, D. C. Rickman, E. Rustamkulov, Z. Shangguan, J. Shimizu, T. Sing, D. Stadler, J. Straub, O. Straubmeier, C. Sturm, E. Tacconi, L. J. van Dishoeck, E. F. Vigan, A. Vincent, F. von Fellenberg, S. D. Wang, J. J. Widmann, F. Woillez, J. Yazici, S. Collaboration, the GRAVITY
author_facet	Winterhalder, T. O. Kammerer, J. Lacour, S. Mérand, A. Nowak, M. Stolker, T. Balmer, W. O. Marleau, G. -D. Abuter, R. Amorim, A. Asensio-Torres, R. Berger, J. -P. Beust, H. Blunt, S. Bonnefoy, M. Bonnet, H. Bordoni, M. S. Bourdarot, G. Brandner, W. Cantalloube, F. Caselli, P. Charnay, B. Chauvin, G. Chavez, A. Choquet, E. Christiaens, V. Clénet, Y. Foresto, V. Coudé du Cridland, A. Davies, R. Dembet, R. Dexter, J. Drescher, A. Duvert, G. Eckart, A. Eisenhauer, F. Schreiber, N. M. Förster Garcia, P. Lopez, R. Garcia Gardner, T. Gendron, E. Genzel, R. Gillessen, S. Girard, J. H. Grant, S. Haubois, X. Heißel, G. Henning, Th. Hinkley, S. Hippler, S. Houllé, M. Hubert, Z. Jocou, L. Keppler, M. Kervella, P. Kreidberg, L. Kurtovic, N. T. Lagrange, A. -M. Lapeyrère, V. Bouquin, J. -B. Le Lutz, D. Maire, A. -L. Mang, F. Mollière, P. Mordasini, C. Mouillet, D. Nasedkin, E. Ott, T. Otten, G. P. P. L. Paladini, C. Paumard, T. Perraut, K. Perrin, G. Pourré, N. Pueyo, L. Ribeiro, D. C. Rickman, E. Rustamkulov, Z. Shangguan, J. Shimizu, T. Sing, D. Stadler, J. Straub, O. Straubmeier, C. Sturm, E. Tacconi, L. J. van Dishoeck, E. F. Vigan, A. Vincent, F. von Fellenberg, S. D. Wang, J. J. Widmann, F. Woillez, J. Yazici, S. Collaboration, the GRAVITY
contents	Context: Inferring the likely formation channel of giant exoplanets and brown dwarf companions from orbital and atmospheric observables remains a formidable challenge. Further and more precise directly measured dynamical masses of these companions are required to inform and gauge formation, evolutionary, and atmospheric models. We present an updated study of HIP 99770 b based on observations conducted with VLTI/GRAVITY. Aims: Combining the new data with previous observations from the literature, we characterise HIP 99770 b to better constrain its orbit, dynamical mass, and atmospheric properties, as well as to shed light on its likely formation channel. Methods: We ran a renewed orbit fit to further constrain the dynamical mass of the companion and the orbit solution. We also analysed the GRAVITY K-band spectrum, placing it into context with literature data, and extracting magnitude, age, spectral type, bulk properties and atmospheric characteristics of HIP 99770 b. Results: We detected the companion at a radial separation of $417\,\mathrm{mas}$ from its host. The new orbit fit yields a dynamical mass of $17_{-5}^{+6}\,\mathrm{M}_\mathrm{Jup}$ and an eccentricity of $0.31_{-0.12}^{+0.06}$. We also find that additional relative astrometry epochs in the future will not enable further constraints on the dynamical mass due to the dominating relative uncertainty on the Hipparcos-Gaia proper motion anomaly. The publication of Gaia DR4 will likely ease this predicament. We find that the companion is consistent with spectral type L8 and exhibits a potential metal enrichment in its atmosphere. Conclusions: These results do not yet allow for a definite inference of the companion's formation channel. Nevertheless, the new constraints on its bulk properties and the additional GRAVITY spectrum presented here will aid future efforts to determine the formation history of HIP 99770 b.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_00117
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2025
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	Orbit and atmosphere of HIP 99770 b through the eyes of VLTI/GRAVITY Winterhalder, T. O. Kammerer, J. Lacour, S. Mérand, A. Nowak, M. Stolker, T. Balmer, W. O. Marleau, G. -D. Abuter, R. Amorim, A. Asensio-Torres, R. Berger, J. -P. Beust, H. Blunt, S. Bonnefoy, M. Bonnet, H. Bordoni, M. S. Bourdarot, G. Brandner, W. Cantalloube, F. Caselli, P. Charnay, B. Chauvin, G. Chavez, A. Choquet, E. Christiaens, V. Clénet, Y. Foresto, V. Coudé du Cridland, A. Davies, R. Dembet, R. Dexter, J. Drescher, A. Duvert, G. Eckart, A. Eisenhauer, F. Schreiber, N. M. Förster Garcia, P. Lopez, R. Garcia Gardner, T. Gendron, E. Genzel, R. Gillessen, S. Girard, J. H. Grant, S. Haubois, X. Heißel, G. Henning, Th. Hinkley, S. Hippler, S. Houllé, M. Hubert, Z. Jocou, L. Keppler, M. Kervella, P. Kreidberg, L. Kurtovic, N. T. Lagrange, A. -M. Lapeyrère, V. Bouquin, J. -B. Le Lutz, D. Maire, A. -L. Mang, F. Mollière, P. Mordasini, C. Mouillet, D. Nasedkin, E. Ott, T. Otten, G. P. P. L. Paladini, C. Paumard, T. Perraut, K. Perrin, G. Pourré, N. Pueyo, L. Ribeiro, D. C. Rickman, E. Rustamkulov, Z. Shangguan, J. Shimizu, T. Sing, D. Stadler, J. Straub, O. Straubmeier, C. Sturm, E. Tacconi, L. J. van Dishoeck, E. F. Vigan, A. Vincent, F. von Fellenberg, S. D. Wang, J. J. Widmann, F. Woillez, J. Yazici, S. Collaboration, the GRAVITY Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Context: Inferring the likely formation channel of giant exoplanets and brown dwarf companions from orbital and atmospheric observables remains a formidable challenge. Further and more precise directly measured dynamical masses of these companions are required to inform and gauge formation, evolutionary, and atmospheric models. We present an updated study of HIP 99770 b based on observations conducted with VLTI/GRAVITY. Aims: Combining the new data with previous observations from the literature, we characterise HIP 99770 b to better constrain its orbit, dynamical mass, and atmospheric properties, as well as to shed light on its likely formation channel. Methods: We ran a renewed orbit fit to further constrain the dynamical mass of the companion and the orbit solution. We also analysed the GRAVITY K-band spectrum, placing it into context with literature data, and extracting magnitude, age, spectral type, bulk properties and atmospheric characteristics of HIP 99770 b. Results: We detected the companion at a radial separation of $417\,\mathrm{mas}$ from its host. The new orbit fit yields a dynamical mass of $17_{-5}^{+6}\,\mathrm{M}_\mathrm{Jup}$ and an eccentricity of $0.31_{-0.12}^{+0.06}$. We also find that additional relative astrometry epochs in the future will not enable further constraints on the dynamical mass due to the dominating relative uncertainty on the Hipparcos-Gaia proper motion anomaly. The publication of Gaia DR4 will likely ease this predicament. We find that the companion is consistent with spectral type L8 and exhibits a potential metal enrichment in its atmosphere. Conclusions: These results do not yet allow for a definite inference of the companion's formation channel. Nevertheless, the new constraints on its bulk properties and the additional GRAVITY spectrum presented here will aid future efforts to determine the formation history of HIP 99770 b.
title	Orbit and atmosphere of HIP 99770 b through the eyes of VLTI/GRAVITY
topic	Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00117