GazeTarget360: Towards Gaze Target Estimation in 360-Degree for Robot Perception

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Dai, Zhuangzhuang, Zakka, Vincent Gbouna, Manso, Luis J., Li, Chen
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Dai, Zhuangzhuang
Zakka, Vincent Gbouna
Manso, Luis J.
Li, Chen
author_facet Dai, Zhuangzhuang
Zakka, Vincent Gbouna
Manso, Luis J.
Li, Chen
contents Enabling robots to understand human gaze target is a crucial step to allow capabilities in downstream tasks, for example, attention estimation and movement anticipation in real-world human-robot interactions. Prior works have addressed the in-frame target localization problem with data-driven approaches by carefully removing out-of-frame samples. Vision-based gaze estimation methods, such as OpenFace, do not effectively absorb background information in images and cannot predict gaze target in situations where subjects look away from the camera. In this work, we propose a system to address the problem of 360-degree gaze target estimation from an image in generalized visual scenes. The system, named GazeTarget360, integrates conditional inference engines of an eye-contact detector, a pre-trained vision encoder, and a multi-scale-fusion decoder. Cross validation results show that GazeTarget360 can produce accurate and reliable gaze target predictions in unseen scenarios. This makes a first-of-its-kind system to predict gaze targets from realistic camera footage which is highly efficient and deployable. Our source code is made publicly available at: https://github.com/zdai257/DisengageNet.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_00253
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle GazeTarget360: Towards Gaze Target Estimation in 360-Degree for Robot Perception
Dai, Zhuangzhuang
Zakka, Vincent Gbouna
Manso, Luis J.
Li, Chen
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Human-Computer Interaction
Enabling robots to understand human gaze target is a crucial step to allow capabilities in downstream tasks, for example, attention estimation and movement anticipation in real-world human-robot interactions. Prior works have addressed the in-frame target localization problem with data-driven approaches by carefully removing out-of-frame samples. Vision-based gaze estimation methods, such as OpenFace, do not effectively absorb background information in images and cannot predict gaze target in situations where subjects look away from the camera. In this work, we propose a system to address the problem of 360-degree gaze target estimation from an image in generalized visual scenes. The system, named GazeTarget360, integrates conditional inference engines of an eye-contact detector, a pre-trained vision encoder, and a multi-scale-fusion decoder. Cross validation results show that GazeTarget360 can produce accurate and reliable gaze target predictions in unseen scenarios. This makes a first-of-its-kind system to predict gaze targets from realistic camera footage which is highly efficient and deployable. Our source code is made publicly available at: https://github.com/zdai257/DisengageNet.
title GazeTarget360: Towards Gaze Target Estimation in 360-Degree for Robot Perception
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00253