Gauging Non-Invertible Symmetries in (2+1)d Topological Orders

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Main Authors: Balasubramanian, Mahesh K. N., Buican, Matthew, Delcamp, Clement, Radhakrishnan, Rajath
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Balasubramanian, Mahesh K. N.
Buican, Matthew
Delcamp, Clement
Radhakrishnan, Rajath
author_facet Balasubramanian, Mahesh K. N.
Buican, Matthew
Delcamp, Clement
Radhakrishnan, Rajath
contents We present practical and formal methods for gauging non-invertible symmetries in (2+1)d topological quantum field theories. Along the way, we generalize various aspects of invertible 0-form gauging, including symmetry fractionalization, discrete torsion, and the fixed point theorem for symmetry action on lines. Our approach involves two complementary strands: the fusion of topological interfaces and Morita theory of fusion 2-categories. We use these methods to derive constraints on gaugeable symmetries and their duals while unifying the prescription for gauging non-invertible 0-form and 1-form symmetries and various higher structures. With a view toward recent advances in creating non-Abelian topological orders from Abelian ones, we give a simple recipe for non-invertible 0-form gauging that takes large classes of the latter to the former. We also describe conditions under which iterated gauging of invertible 0-form symmetries is equivalent to a single-step gauging of a non-invertible symmetry. We conclude with a set of concrete examples illustrating these various phenomena involving gauging symmetries of the infrared limit of the toric code.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_01142
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Gauging Non-Invertible Symmetries in (2+1)d Topological Orders
Balasubramanian, Mahesh K. N.
Buican, Matthew
Delcamp, Clement
Radhakrishnan, Rajath
High Energy Physics - Theory
Strongly Correlated Electrons
Mathematical Physics
Quantum Physics
We present practical and formal methods for gauging non-invertible symmetries in (2+1)d topological quantum field theories. Along the way, we generalize various aspects of invertible 0-form gauging, including symmetry fractionalization, discrete torsion, and the fixed point theorem for symmetry action on lines. Our approach involves two complementary strands: the fusion of topological interfaces and Morita theory of fusion 2-categories. We use these methods to derive constraints on gaugeable symmetries and their duals while unifying the prescription for gauging non-invertible 0-form and 1-form symmetries and various higher structures. With a view toward recent advances in creating non-Abelian topological orders from Abelian ones, we give a simple recipe for non-invertible 0-form gauging that takes large classes of the latter to the former. We also describe conditions under which iterated gauging of invertible 0-form symmetries is equivalent to a single-step gauging of a non-invertible symmetry. We conclude with a set of concrete examples illustrating these various phenomena involving gauging symmetries of the infrared limit of the toric code.
title Gauging Non-Invertible Symmetries in (2+1)d Topological Orders
topic High Energy Physics - Theory
Strongly Correlated Electrons
Mathematical Physics
Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.01142