Temporally-long C-band heralded single photons generated from hot atoms
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866915581101342720 |
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| author | Tu, Pei-Yu Hsu, Chia-Yu Huang, Wei-Kai Lin, Tse-Yu Chuu, Chih-Sung Yu, Ite A. |
| author_facet | Tu, Pei-Yu Hsu, Chia-Yu Huang, Wei-Kai Lin, Tse-Yu Chuu, Chih-Sung Yu, Ite A. |
| contents | C-band photons are recognized for having the lowest loss coefficient in optical fibers, making them highly favorable for optical fiber-based communication. In this study, we systematically investigated the temporal width of C-band heralded single photons and developed a theoretical model for biphoton generation via the spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) process using a diamond-type transition scheme, which has not been previously reported. Our experimental data on temporal width closely aligns with the predictions of this model. Additionally, we introduced a new concept: the atomic velocity group relating to the two-photon resonance condition and the one-photon detuning in this atomic frame. These two parameters are crucial for understanding the behavior of the biphoton source. The concept indicates that the hot-atom source behaves similarly to the cold-atom source. Guided by our theoretical model, we observed 1529-nm (C-band) heralded single photons with a temporal width of 28.3$\pm$0.6 ns, corresponding to a linewidth of 11.0$\pm$0.2 MHz. For comparison, the ultimate linewidth limit is 6.1 MHz, determined by the natural linewidth of the atoms. Among all atom-based sources of 1300 to 1550 nm heralded single photons utilizing either cold or hot atoms, the temporal width achieved in this work represents the first instance of a width exceeding 10 ns, making it (or its linewidth) the longest (or narrowest) record to date. This work significantly enhances our understanding of diamond-type or cascade-type SFWM biphoton generation and marks an important milestone in achieving greater temporal width in atom-based sources of C-band heralded single photons. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_03935 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Temporally-long C-band heralded single photons generated from hot atoms Tu, Pei-Yu Hsu, Chia-Yu Huang, Wei-Kai Lin, Tse-Yu Chuu, Chih-Sung Yu, Ite A. Quantum Physics Atomic Physics C-band photons are recognized for having the lowest loss coefficient in optical fibers, making them highly favorable for optical fiber-based communication. In this study, we systematically investigated the temporal width of C-band heralded single photons and developed a theoretical model for biphoton generation via the spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) process using a diamond-type transition scheme, which has not been previously reported. Our experimental data on temporal width closely aligns with the predictions of this model. Additionally, we introduced a new concept: the atomic velocity group relating to the two-photon resonance condition and the one-photon detuning in this atomic frame. These two parameters are crucial for understanding the behavior of the biphoton source. The concept indicates that the hot-atom source behaves similarly to the cold-atom source. Guided by our theoretical model, we observed 1529-nm (C-band) heralded single photons with a temporal width of 28.3$\pm$0.6 ns, corresponding to a linewidth of 11.0$\pm$0.2 MHz. For comparison, the ultimate linewidth limit is 6.1 MHz, determined by the natural linewidth of the atoms. Among all atom-based sources of 1300 to 1550 nm heralded single photons utilizing either cold or hot atoms, the temporal width achieved in this work represents the first instance of a width exceeding 10 ns, making it (or its linewidth) the longest (or narrowest) record to date. This work significantly enhances our understanding of diamond-type or cascade-type SFWM biphoton generation and marks an important milestone in achieving greater temporal width in atom-based sources of C-band heralded single photons. |
| title | Temporally-long C-band heralded single photons generated from hot atoms |
| topic | Quantum Physics Atomic Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.03935 |