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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Wang, Ran, Hao, Ning
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04876
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Table of Contents:
  • The intrinsic superconducting diode effect (SDE) is distinguished from the Josephson diode effect (JDE) by its manifestation of nonreciprocal critical current phenomena within a monolithic superconductor, typically linked to finite-momentum Cooper pairing. The long-standing assumption that SDE requires co-breaking of time-reversal and inversion symmetries proves to be necessary but not sufficient. In this work, we propose a universal diagnostic criterion for intrinsic SDE, expressed as two inequalities evaluated directly from the bare Hamiltonian. This criterion further reveals a graph-theoretic construction for nonreciprocal models, offering design principles that extend beyond superconductivity.