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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04876 |
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Table of Contents:
- The intrinsic superconducting diode effect (SDE) is distinguished from the Josephson diode effect (JDE) by its manifestation of nonreciprocal critical current phenomena within a monolithic superconductor, typically linked to finite-momentum Cooper pairing. The long-standing assumption that SDE requires co-breaking of time-reversal and inversion symmetries proves to be necessary but not sufficient. In this work, we propose a universal diagnostic criterion for intrinsic SDE, expressed as two inequalities evaluated directly from the bare Hamiltonian. This criterion further reveals a graph-theoretic construction for nonreciprocal models, offering design principles that extend beyond superconductivity.