Differentiable structures on a union of two open sets

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Lysynskyi, Mykola, Maksymenko, Sergiy
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Lysynskyi, Mykola
Maksymenko, Sergiy
author_facet Lysynskyi, Mykola
Maksymenko, Sergiy
contents In a recent paper the authors classified differentiable structures on the non-Hausdorff one-dimensional manifold $\mathbb{L}$ called the line with two origins which is obtained by gluing two copies of the real line $\mathbb{R}$ via the identity homeomorphism of $\mathbb{R}\setminus 0$. Here we give a classification of differentiable structures on another non-Hausdorff one-dimensional manifold $\mathbb{Y}$ (called letter "$Y$") obtained by gluing two copies of $\mathbb{R}$ via the identity map of positive reals. It turns out that, in contrast to the real line, for every $r=1,\ldots,\infty$, both manifolds $\mathbb{L}$ and $\mathbb{Y}$ admit uncountably many pair-wise non-diffeomorphic $\mathcal{C}^{k}$-structures. We also observe that the proofs of these classifications are very similar. This allows to formalize the arguments and extend them to a certain general statement about arrows in arbitrary categories.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_05156
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Differentiable structures on a union of two open sets
Lysynskyi, Mykola
Maksymenko, Sergiy
Differential Geometry
Algebraic Geometry
Algebraic Topology
Category Theory
58A05, 57R30
In a recent paper the authors classified differentiable structures on the non-Hausdorff one-dimensional manifold $\mathbb{L}$ called the line with two origins which is obtained by gluing two copies of the real line $\mathbb{R}$ via the identity homeomorphism of $\mathbb{R}\setminus 0$. Here we give a classification of differentiable structures on another non-Hausdorff one-dimensional manifold $\mathbb{Y}$ (called letter "$Y$") obtained by gluing two copies of $\mathbb{R}$ via the identity map of positive reals. It turns out that, in contrast to the real line, for every $r=1,\ldots,\infty$, both manifolds $\mathbb{L}$ and $\mathbb{Y}$ admit uncountably many pair-wise non-diffeomorphic $\mathcal{C}^{k}$-structures. We also observe that the proofs of these classifications are very similar. This allows to formalize the arguments and extend them to a certain general statement about arrows in arbitrary categories.
title Differentiable structures on a union of two open sets
topic Differential Geometry
Algebraic Geometry
Algebraic Topology
Category Theory
58A05, 57R30
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05156