12-Years Observation of Seasonal Variation of Atmospheric Neutrino Flux with IceCube
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866913932415860736 |
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| author | Deng, Shuyang |
| author_facet | Deng, Shuyang |
| contents | High-energy atmospheric muon neutrinos are detected by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory with a high rate of almost a hundred thousand events per year. Being mainly produced in meson decays in cosmic-ray-induced air showers in the upper atmosphere, the flux of these neutrinos is expected to depend on atmospheric conditions and thus features a seasonal variation. The correlation between temperature fluctuations and variations of the neutrino rates can be described with a slope parameter $α$, whose previous measurement with 6 years of IceCube data indicated a discrepancy to theoretical expectations. In this work, we present an update of the previous analysis, extending the statistics to 12-years of IceCube data, as well as adding a region in the Northern Hemisphere to the analysis. We estimate the slope parameter in the Southern Hemisphere to be $α=0.325\pm0.022$, which confirms the previous observation of the tension between the theoretical predictions and experimental measurements with significance $>3σ$. Furthermore, the seasonal variation in the Northern Hemisphere has also been observed for the first time, with $α=0.731\pm0.222$. Investigations into systematic effects reveal that the observations not only show a weaker correlation compared to the predictions, but also deviate from the expected linear relation between the atmospheric neutrino flux and the atmospheric temperature. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_06155 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | 12-Years Observation of Seasonal Variation of Atmospheric Neutrino Flux with IceCube Deng, Shuyang High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena High-energy atmospheric muon neutrinos are detected by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory with a high rate of almost a hundred thousand events per year. Being mainly produced in meson decays in cosmic-ray-induced air showers in the upper atmosphere, the flux of these neutrinos is expected to depend on atmospheric conditions and thus features a seasonal variation. The correlation between temperature fluctuations and variations of the neutrino rates can be described with a slope parameter $α$, whose previous measurement with 6 years of IceCube data indicated a discrepancy to theoretical expectations. In this work, we present an update of the previous analysis, extending the statistics to 12-years of IceCube data, as well as adding a region in the Northern Hemisphere to the analysis. We estimate the slope parameter in the Southern Hemisphere to be $α=0.325\pm0.022$, which confirms the previous observation of the tension between the theoretical predictions and experimental measurements with significance $>3σ$. Furthermore, the seasonal variation in the Northern Hemisphere has also been observed for the first time, with $α=0.731\pm0.222$. Investigations into systematic effects reveal that the observations not only show a weaker correlation compared to the predictions, but also deviate from the expected linear relation between the atmospheric neutrino flux and the atmospheric temperature. |
| title | 12-Years Observation of Seasonal Variation of Atmospheric Neutrino Flux with IceCube |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06155 |