Introducing NewCluster: the first half of the history of a high-resolution cluster simulation

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Main Authors: Han, San, Yi, Sukyoung K., Dubois, Yohan, Rhee, Jinsu, Jeon, Seyoung, Jang, J. K., Byun, Gyeong-Hwan, Cadiou, Corentin, Kim, Juhan, Kimm, Taysun, Pichon, Christophe
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Han, San
Yi, Sukyoung K.
Dubois, Yohan
Rhee, Jinsu
Jeon, Seyoung
Jang, J. K.
Byun, Gyeong-Hwan
Cadiou, Corentin
Kim, Juhan
Kimm, Taysun
Pichon, Christophe
author_facet Han, San
Yi, Sukyoung K.
Dubois, Yohan
Rhee, Jinsu
Jeon, Seyoung
Jang, J. K.
Byun, Gyeong-Hwan
Cadiou, Corentin
Kim, Juhan
Kimm, Taysun
Pichon, Christophe
contents We introduce NewCluster, a new high-resolution cluster simulation designed to serve as the massive halo counterpart of the modern cosmological galaxy evolution framework. The zoom-in simulation targets a volume of $4.1σ$ overdensity region, which is expected to evolve into a galaxy cluster with a virial mass of $5 \times 10^{14} M_\odot$, comparable to that of the Virgo Cluster. The zoom-in volume extends out to 3.5 virial radii from the central halo. The novelties of NewCluster are found in its resolutions. Its stellar mass resolution of $2 \times 10^{4} M_\odot$ is effective for tracing the early assembly of massive galaxies as well as the formation of dwarf galaxies. The spatial resolution of 68 parsecs in the best-resolved regions in the adaptive-mesh-refinement approach is powerful to study the detailed kinematic structure of galaxies. The time interval between snapshots is also exceptionally short-15 Myr-which is ideal for monitoring changes in the physical properties of galaxies, particularly during their orbital motion within a larger halo. The simulation has up-to-date feedback schemes for supernovae and active galactic nuclei. The chemical evolution is calculated for ten elements, along with dust calculation that includes the formation, size change, and destruction. To overcome the limitations of the Eulerian approach used for gas dynamics in this study, we employ Monte Carlo-based tracer particles in NewCluster, enabling a wide range of scientific investigations.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_06301
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Introducing NewCluster: the first half of the history of a high-resolution cluster simulation
Han, San
Yi, Sukyoung K.
Dubois, Yohan
Rhee, Jinsu
Jeon, Seyoung
Jang, J. K.
Byun, Gyeong-Hwan
Cadiou, Corentin
Kim, Juhan
Kimm, Taysun
Pichon, Christophe
Astrophysics of Galaxies
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
We introduce NewCluster, a new high-resolution cluster simulation designed to serve as the massive halo counterpart of the modern cosmological galaxy evolution framework. The zoom-in simulation targets a volume of $4.1σ$ overdensity region, which is expected to evolve into a galaxy cluster with a virial mass of $5 \times 10^{14} M_\odot$, comparable to that of the Virgo Cluster. The zoom-in volume extends out to 3.5 virial radii from the central halo. The novelties of NewCluster are found in its resolutions. Its stellar mass resolution of $2 \times 10^{4} M_\odot$ is effective for tracing the early assembly of massive galaxies as well as the formation of dwarf galaxies. The spatial resolution of 68 parsecs in the best-resolved regions in the adaptive-mesh-refinement approach is powerful to study the detailed kinematic structure of galaxies. The time interval between snapshots is also exceptionally short-15 Myr-which is ideal for monitoring changes in the physical properties of galaxies, particularly during their orbital motion within a larger halo. The simulation has up-to-date feedback schemes for supernovae and active galactic nuclei. The chemical evolution is calculated for ten elements, along with dust calculation that includes the formation, size change, and destruction. To overcome the limitations of the Eulerian approach used for gas dynamics in this study, we employ Monte Carlo-based tracer particles in NewCluster, enabling a wide range of scientific investigations.
title Introducing NewCluster: the first half of the history of a high-resolution cluster simulation
topic Astrophysics of Galaxies
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06301