Cosmic baryon census with fast radio bursts and gravitational waves
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arXiv
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| Auteurs principaux: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866912962647687168 |
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| author | Zhang, Ji-Guo Song, Ji-Yu Sun, Wan-Peng Zhao, Ze-Wei Zhang, Jing-Fei Zhang, Xin |
| author_facet | Zhang, Ji-Guo Song, Ji-Yu Sun, Wan-Peng Zhao, Ze-Wei Zhang, Jing-Fei Zhang, Xin |
| contents | The cosmic baryon density fraction ($Ω_{\rm b}$) is intrinsically correlated with the Hubble constant ($H_0$) through the critical density of the Universe. In the context of the decade-long $H_0$ tension, the significant discrepancy between early- and late-Universe measurements of $H_0$ implies that fixing its value or imposing an external prior could bias the baryon census. To address this concern, we construct a late-Universe probe framework that unifies fast radio bursts (FRBs) and gravitational-wave (GW) standard sirens, which can respectively resolve the ''missing baryon'' problem and the $H_0$ tension through their dispersion measures (DMs) and absolute luminosity distances. By combining $104$ localized FRBs with $47$ GW events, we obtain an $H_0$-free measurement of $Ω_{\rm b}=0.0488\pm0.0064$ ($1σ$), in concordance with early-Universe observations of CMB + BBN. The result is tightly anchored by GW-inferred $H_0$ through the strong $Ω_{\rm b}$-$H_0$ degeneracy. Although the current precision ($\sim 13\%$) is limited by sample size, the growing detections of both FRBs and GWs will make their synergy a powerful probe of low-redshift cosmology. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_06841 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Cosmic baryon census with fast radio bursts and gravitational waves Zhang, Ji-Guo Song, Ji-Yu Sun, Wan-Peng Zhao, Ze-Wei Zhang, Jing-Fei Zhang, Xin Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology The cosmic baryon density fraction ($Ω_{\rm b}$) is intrinsically correlated with the Hubble constant ($H_0$) through the critical density of the Universe. In the context of the decade-long $H_0$ tension, the significant discrepancy between early- and late-Universe measurements of $H_0$ implies that fixing its value or imposing an external prior could bias the baryon census. To address this concern, we construct a late-Universe probe framework that unifies fast radio bursts (FRBs) and gravitational-wave (GW) standard sirens, which can respectively resolve the ''missing baryon'' problem and the $H_0$ tension through their dispersion measures (DMs) and absolute luminosity distances. By combining $104$ localized FRBs with $47$ GW events, we obtain an $H_0$-free measurement of $Ω_{\rm b}=0.0488\pm0.0064$ ($1σ$), in concordance with early-Universe observations of CMB + BBN. The result is tightly anchored by GW-inferred $H_0$ through the strong $Ω_{\rm b}$-$H_0$ degeneracy. Although the current precision ($\sim 13\%$) is limited by sample size, the growing detections of both FRBs and GWs will make their synergy a powerful probe of low-redshift cosmology. |
| title | Cosmic baryon census with fast radio bursts and gravitational waves |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06841 |