KMT-2024-BLG-0404L: A triple microlensing system consisting of a star, a brown dwarf, and a planet
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Han, Cheongho Udalski, Andrzej Lee, Chung-Uk Ryu, Yoon-Hyun Albrow, Michael D. Chung, Sun-Ju Gould, Andrew Hwang, Kyu-Ha Jung, Youn Kil Shin, In-Gu Shvartzvald, Yossi Yee, Jennifer C. Yang, Hongjing Zang, Weicheng Kim, Doeon Kim, Dong-Jin Park, Byeong-Gon Pogge, Richard W. Mróz, Przemek Szymański, Michał K. Skowron, Jan Poleski, Radosław Soszyński, Igor Pietrukowicz, Paweł Kozłowski, Szymon Rybicki, Krzysztof A. Iwanek, Patryk Ulaczyk, Krzysztof Wrona, Marcin Gromadzki, Mariusz Mróz, Mateusz J. Jaroszyński, Michał |
| author_facet | Han, Cheongho Udalski, Andrzej Lee, Chung-Uk Ryu, Yoon-Hyun Albrow, Michael D. Chung, Sun-Ju Gould, Andrew Hwang, Kyu-Ha Jung, Youn Kil Shin, In-Gu Shvartzvald, Yossi Yee, Jennifer C. Yang, Hongjing Zang, Weicheng Kim, Doeon Kim, Dong-Jin Park, Byeong-Gon Pogge, Richard W. Mróz, Przemek Szymański, Michał K. Skowron, Jan Poleski, Radosław Soszyński, Igor Pietrukowicz, Paweł Kozłowski, Szymon Rybicki, Krzysztof A. Iwanek, Patryk Ulaczyk, Krzysztof Wrona, Marcin Gromadzki, Mariusz Mróz, Mateusz J. Jaroszyński, Michał |
| contents | We have investigated the lensing event KMT-2024-BLG-0404. The light curve of the event exhibited a complex structure with multiple distinct features, including two prominent caustic spikes, two cusp bumps, and a brief discontinuous feature between the caustic spikes. While a binary-lens model captured the general anomaly pattern, it could not account for a discontinuous anomaly feature between the two caustic spikes. To explore the origin of the unexplained feature, we conducted more advanced modeling beyond the standard binary-lens framework. This investigation demonstrated that the previously unexplained anomaly was resolved by introducing an additional lens component with planetary mass. The estimated masses of the lens components are $M_{\rm p}= 17.3^{+25.5}_{-8.8}~M_{\rm E}$ for the planet, and $M_{\rm h,A}=0.090^{+0.133}_{-0.046}~M_\odot$ and $M_{\rm h,B}=0.026^{+0.038}_{-0.013}~M_\odot$ for the binary host stars. Based on these mass estimates, the lens system is identified as a planetary system where a Uranus-mass planet orbits a binary consisting of a late M dwarf and a brown dwarf. The distance to the planetary system is estimated to be $D_{\rm L} = 7.21^{+0.93}_{-0.97}$~kpc, with an 82\% probability that it resides in the Galactic bulge. This discovery represents the ninth planetary system found through microlensing with a planet orbiting a binary host. Notably, it is the first case where the host consists of both a star and a brown dwarf. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_07326 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | KMT-2024-BLG-0404L: A triple microlensing system consisting of a star, a brown dwarf, and a planet Han, Cheongho Udalski, Andrzej Lee, Chung-Uk Ryu, Yoon-Hyun Albrow, Michael D. Chung, Sun-Ju Gould, Andrew Hwang, Kyu-Ha Jung, Youn Kil Shin, In-Gu Shvartzvald, Yossi Yee, Jennifer C. Yang, Hongjing Zang, Weicheng Kim, Doeon Kim, Dong-Jin Park, Byeong-Gon Pogge, Richard W. Mróz, Przemek Szymański, Michał K. Skowron, Jan Poleski, Radosław Soszyński, Igor Pietrukowicz, Paweł Kozłowski, Szymon Rybicki, Krzysztof A. Iwanek, Patryk Ulaczyk, Krzysztof Wrona, Marcin Gromadzki, Mariusz Mróz, Mateusz J. Jaroszyński, Michał Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics We have investigated the lensing event KMT-2024-BLG-0404. The light curve of the event exhibited a complex structure with multiple distinct features, including two prominent caustic spikes, two cusp bumps, and a brief discontinuous feature between the caustic spikes. While a binary-lens model captured the general anomaly pattern, it could not account for a discontinuous anomaly feature between the two caustic spikes. To explore the origin of the unexplained feature, we conducted more advanced modeling beyond the standard binary-lens framework. This investigation demonstrated that the previously unexplained anomaly was resolved by introducing an additional lens component with planetary mass. The estimated masses of the lens components are $M_{\rm p}= 17.3^{+25.5}_{-8.8}~M_{\rm E}$ for the planet, and $M_{\rm h,A}=0.090^{+0.133}_{-0.046}~M_\odot$ and $M_{\rm h,B}=0.026^{+0.038}_{-0.013}~M_\odot$ for the binary host stars. Based on these mass estimates, the lens system is identified as a planetary system where a Uranus-mass planet orbits a binary consisting of a late M dwarf and a brown dwarf. The distance to the planetary system is estimated to be $D_{\rm L} = 7.21^{+0.93}_{-0.97}$~kpc, with an 82\% probability that it resides in the Galactic bulge. This discovery represents the ninth planetary system found through microlensing with a planet orbiting a binary host. Notably, it is the first case where the host consists of both a star and a brown dwarf. |
| title | KMT-2024-BLG-0404L: A triple microlensing system consisting of a star, a brown dwarf, and a planet |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07326 |