An Empirical Bernstein Inequality for Dependent Data in Hilbert Spaces and Applications

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Main Authors: Mirzaei, Erfan, Maurer, Andreas, Kostic, Vladimir R., Pontil, Massimiliano
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Mirzaei, Erfan
Maurer, Andreas
Kostic, Vladimir R.
Pontil, Massimiliano
author_facet Mirzaei, Erfan
Maurer, Andreas
Kostic, Vladimir R.
Pontil, Massimiliano
contents Learning from non-independent and non-identically distributed data poses a persistent challenge in statistical learning. In this study, we introduce data-dependent Bernstein inequalities tailored for vector-valued processes in Hilbert space. Our inequalities apply to both stationary and non-stationary processes and exploit the potential rapid decay of correlations between temporally separated variables to improve estimation. We demonstrate the utility of these bounds by applying them to covariance operator estimation in the Hilbert-Schmidt norm and to operator learning in dynamical systems, achieving novel risk bounds. Finally, we perform numerical experiments to illustrate the practical implications of these bounds in both contexts.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_07826
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle An Empirical Bernstein Inequality for Dependent Data in Hilbert Spaces and Applications
Mirzaei, Erfan
Maurer, Andreas
Kostic, Vladimir R.
Pontil, Massimiliano
Machine Learning
Learning from non-independent and non-identically distributed data poses a persistent challenge in statistical learning. In this study, we introduce data-dependent Bernstein inequalities tailored for vector-valued processes in Hilbert space. Our inequalities apply to both stationary and non-stationary processes and exploit the potential rapid decay of correlations between temporally separated variables to improve estimation. We demonstrate the utility of these bounds by applying them to covariance operator estimation in the Hilbert-Schmidt norm and to operator learning in dynamical systems, achieving novel risk bounds. Finally, we perform numerical experiments to illustrate the practical implications of these bounds in both contexts.
title An Empirical Bernstein Inequality for Dependent Data in Hilbert Spaces and Applications
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07826