THUNDER: Tile-level Histopathology image UNDERstanding benchmark

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Marza, Pierre, Fillioux, Leo, Boutaj, Sofiène, Mahatha, Kunal, Desrosiers, Christian, Piantanida, Pablo, Dolz, Jose, Christodoulidis, Stergios, Vakalopoulou, Maria
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Marza, Pierre
Fillioux, Leo
Boutaj, Sofiène
Mahatha, Kunal
Desrosiers, Christian
Piantanida, Pablo
Dolz, Jose
Christodoulidis, Stergios
Vakalopoulou, Maria
author_facet Marza, Pierre
Fillioux, Leo
Boutaj, Sofiène
Mahatha, Kunal
Desrosiers, Christian
Piantanida, Pablo
Dolz, Jose
Christodoulidis, Stergios
Vakalopoulou, Maria
contents Progress in a research field can be hard to assess, in particular when many concurrent methods are proposed in a short period of time. This is the case in digital pathology, where many foundation models have been released recently to serve as feature extractors for tile-level images, being used in a variety of downstream tasks, both for tile- and slide-level problems. Benchmarking available methods then becomes paramount to get a clearer view of the research landscape. In particular, in critical domains such as healthcare, a benchmark should not only focus on evaluating downstream performance, but also provide insights about the main differences between methods, and importantly, further consider uncertainty and robustness to ensure a reliable usage of proposed models. For these reasons, we introduce THUNDER, a tile-level benchmark for digital pathology foundation models, allowing for efficient comparison of many models on diverse datasets with a series of downstream tasks, studying their feature spaces and assessing the robustness and uncertainty of predictions informed by their embeddings. THUNDER is a fast, easy-to-use, dynamic benchmark that can already support a large variety of state-of-the-art foundation, as well as local user-defined models for direct tile-based comparison. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive comparison of 23 foundation models on 16 different datasets covering diverse tasks, feature analysis, and robustness. The code for THUNDER is publicly available at https://github.com/MICS-Lab/thunder.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_07860
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle THUNDER: Tile-level Histopathology image UNDERstanding benchmark
Marza, Pierre
Fillioux, Leo
Boutaj, Sofiène
Mahatha, Kunal
Desrosiers, Christian
Piantanida, Pablo
Dolz, Jose
Christodoulidis, Stergios
Vakalopoulou, Maria
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Progress in a research field can be hard to assess, in particular when many concurrent methods are proposed in a short period of time. This is the case in digital pathology, where many foundation models have been released recently to serve as feature extractors for tile-level images, being used in a variety of downstream tasks, both for tile- and slide-level problems. Benchmarking available methods then becomes paramount to get a clearer view of the research landscape. In particular, in critical domains such as healthcare, a benchmark should not only focus on evaluating downstream performance, but also provide insights about the main differences between methods, and importantly, further consider uncertainty and robustness to ensure a reliable usage of proposed models. For these reasons, we introduce THUNDER, a tile-level benchmark for digital pathology foundation models, allowing for efficient comparison of many models on diverse datasets with a series of downstream tasks, studying their feature spaces and assessing the robustness and uncertainty of predictions informed by their embeddings. THUNDER is a fast, easy-to-use, dynamic benchmark that can already support a large variety of state-of-the-art foundation, as well as local user-defined models for direct tile-based comparison. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive comparison of 23 foundation models on 16 different datasets covering diverse tasks, feature analysis, and robustness. The code for THUNDER is publicly available at https://github.com/MICS-Lab/thunder.
title THUNDER: Tile-level Histopathology image UNDERstanding benchmark
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07860