Ion-rich acceleration during an eruptive flux rope event in a multiple null-point configuration
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866912476437676032 |
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| author | Pesce-Rollins, Melissa MacKinnon, Alexander Klein, Karl-Ludwig Russell, Alexander Hudson, Hugh Warmuth, Alexander Wiegelmann, Thomas Masson, Sophie Parnell, Clare Nitta, Nariaki V. Omodei, Nicola |
| author_facet | Pesce-Rollins, Melissa MacKinnon, Alexander Klein, Karl-Ludwig Russell, Alexander Hudson, Hugh Warmuth, Alexander Wiegelmann, Thomas Masson, Sophie Parnell, Clare Nitta, Nariaki V. Omodei, Nicola |
| contents | We report on the $γ$-ray emission above 100~MeV from the GOES M3.3 flare SOL2012-06-03. The hard X-ray (HXR) and microwave emissions have typical time profiles with a fast rise to a well-defined peak followed by a slower decay. The $>$100~MeV emission during the prompt phase displayed a double-peaked temporal structure with the first peak following the HXR and microwaves, and the second one, about three times stronger, occurring $17 \pm 2$ seconds later. The time profiles seem to indicate two separate acceleration mechanisms at work, where the second $γ$-ray peak reveals a potentially pure or at least largely dominant ion acceleration. The Atmospheric Imaging Assembly imaging shows a bright elliptical ribbon and a transient brightening in the north-western (NW) region. Nonlinear force-free extrapolations at the time of the impulsive peaks show closed field lines connecting the NW region to the south-eastern part of the ribbon and the magnetic topology revealed clusters of nulls. These observations suggest a spine-and-fan geometry, and based on these observations we interpret the second $γ$-ray peak as being due to the predominant acceleration of ions in a region with multiple null points. The $>$100 MeV emission from this flare also exhibits a delayed phase with an exponential decay of roughly 350 seconds. We find that the delayed emission is consistent with ions being trapped in a closed flux tube with gradual escape via their loss cone to the chromosphere. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_08469 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Ion-rich acceleration during an eruptive flux rope event in a multiple null-point configuration Pesce-Rollins, Melissa MacKinnon, Alexander Klein, Karl-Ludwig Russell, Alexander Hudson, Hugh Warmuth, Alexander Wiegelmann, Thomas Masson, Sophie Parnell, Clare Nitta, Nariaki V. Omodei, Nicola High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Solar and Stellar Astrophysics We report on the $γ$-ray emission above 100~MeV from the GOES M3.3 flare SOL2012-06-03. The hard X-ray (HXR) and microwave emissions have typical time profiles with a fast rise to a well-defined peak followed by a slower decay. The $>$100~MeV emission during the prompt phase displayed a double-peaked temporal structure with the first peak following the HXR and microwaves, and the second one, about three times stronger, occurring $17 \pm 2$ seconds later. The time profiles seem to indicate two separate acceleration mechanisms at work, where the second $γ$-ray peak reveals a potentially pure or at least largely dominant ion acceleration. The Atmospheric Imaging Assembly imaging shows a bright elliptical ribbon and a transient brightening in the north-western (NW) region. Nonlinear force-free extrapolations at the time of the impulsive peaks show closed field lines connecting the NW region to the south-eastern part of the ribbon and the magnetic topology revealed clusters of nulls. These observations suggest a spine-and-fan geometry, and based on these observations we interpret the second $γ$-ray peak as being due to the predominant acceleration of ions in a region with multiple null points. The $>$100 MeV emission from this flare also exhibits a delayed phase with an exponential decay of roughly 350 seconds. We find that the delayed emission is consistent with ions being trapped in a closed flux tube with gradual escape via their loss cone to the chromosphere. |
| title | Ion-rich acceleration during an eruptive flux rope event in a multiple null-point configuration |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08469 |