Routing Quantum Control of Causal Order

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Grothus, Maarten, Abbott, Alastair A., Vanrietvelde, Augustin, Branciard, Cyril
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Grothus, Maarten
Abbott, Alastair A.
Vanrietvelde, Augustin
Branciard, Cyril
author_facet Grothus, Maarten
Abbott, Alastair A.
Vanrietvelde, Augustin
Branciard, Cyril
contents In recent years, various frameworks have been proposed for the study of quantum processes with indefinite causal order. In particular, quantum circuits with quantum control of causal order (QC-QCs) form a broad class of physical supermaps obtained from a bottom-up construction and are believed to represent all quantum processes physically realisable in a fixed spacetime. Complementarily, the formalism of routed quantum circuits introduces quantum operations constrained by "routes" to represent processes in terms of a more fine-grained routed circuit decomposition. This decomposition, formalised using a so-called routed graph, represents the information flow within the respective process. However, the existence of routed circuit decompositions has only been established for a small set of processes so far, including both certain specific QC-QCs and more exotic processes as examples. In this work, we remedy this fact by connecting these two frameworks. We prove that for any given $N$, one can use a single routed graph to systematically obtain a routed circuit decomposition for any QC-QC with $N$ parties. We detail this construction explicitly and contrast it with other routed circuit decompositions of QC-QCs, which we obtain from alternative routed graphs. We conclude by pointing out how this connection can be useful to tackle various open problems in the field of indefinite causal order, particularly establishing circuit representations of subclasses of QC-QCs.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_08781
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Routing Quantum Control of Causal Order
Grothus, Maarten
Abbott, Alastair A.
Vanrietvelde, Augustin
Branciard, Cyril
Quantum Physics
In recent years, various frameworks have been proposed for the study of quantum processes with indefinite causal order. In particular, quantum circuits with quantum control of causal order (QC-QCs) form a broad class of physical supermaps obtained from a bottom-up construction and are believed to represent all quantum processes physically realisable in a fixed spacetime. Complementarily, the formalism of routed quantum circuits introduces quantum operations constrained by "routes" to represent processes in terms of a more fine-grained routed circuit decomposition. This decomposition, formalised using a so-called routed graph, represents the information flow within the respective process. However, the existence of routed circuit decompositions has only been established for a small set of processes so far, including both certain specific QC-QCs and more exotic processes as examples. In this work, we remedy this fact by connecting these two frameworks. We prove that for any given $N$, one can use a single routed graph to systematically obtain a routed circuit decomposition for any QC-QC with $N$ parties. We detail this construction explicitly and contrast it with other routed circuit decompositions of QC-QCs, which we obtain from alternative routed graphs. We conclude by pointing out how this connection can be useful to tackle various open problems in the field of indefinite causal order, particularly establishing circuit representations of subclasses of QC-QCs.
title Routing Quantum Control of Causal Order
topic Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08781