Quantized decay charges in non-Hermitian networks characterized by directed graphs
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866911199194513408 |
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| author | Liu, Wenwen Wu, Junyao Zhang, Li You, Oubo Tian, Ye Chen, Hongsheng Min, Bumki Yang, Yihao Zhang, Shuang |
| author_facet | Liu, Wenwen Wu, Junyao Zhang, Li You, Oubo Tian, Ye Chen, Hongsheng Min, Bumki Yang, Yihao Zhang, Shuang |
| contents | Non-Hermitian physics has unveiled a realm of exotic phenomena absent in Hermitian systems, with the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) showcasing boundary-localized eigenstates driven by non-reciprocal interactions. Here, we introduce a new class of non-Hermitian systems exhibiting pure decay modes-eigenstates with pure, smooth exponential decay, devoid of the oscillatory wave patterns typical of traditional NHSE. Modeled as directed graphs with non-reciprocal hopping, these systems reveal quantized decay charges, defined as the sum of decay constants along edges at each node, offering a novel topological invariant. We derive universal conditions for these modes, enabling versatile configurations from one-dimensional rings, directed graphs with complicated connectivity, to higher-dimensional lattices. Experimental validation using microwave resonant circuits confirms the predicted pure decay profiles. This discovery paves the way for potential applications in photonics, signal processing, and beyond, harnessing the unique topological properties of non-Hermitian networks |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_11322 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Quantized decay charges in non-Hermitian networks characterized by directed graphs Liu, Wenwen Wu, Junyao Zhang, Li You, Oubo Tian, Ye Chen, Hongsheng Min, Bumki Yang, Yihao Zhang, Shuang Quantum Physics Optics Non-Hermitian physics has unveiled a realm of exotic phenomena absent in Hermitian systems, with the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) showcasing boundary-localized eigenstates driven by non-reciprocal interactions. Here, we introduce a new class of non-Hermitian systems exhibiting pure decay modes-eigenstates with pure, smooth exponential decay, devoid of the oscillatory wave patterns typical of traditional NHSE. Modeled as directed graphs with non-reciprocal hopping, these systems reveal quantized decay charges, defined as the sum of decay constants along edges at each node, offering a novel topological invariant. We derive universal conditions for these modes, enabling versatile configurations from one-dimensional rings, directed graphs with complicated connectivity, to higher-dimensional lattices. Experimental validation using microwave resonant circuits confirms the predicted pure decay profiles. This discovery paves the way for potential applications in photonics, signal processing, and beyond, harnessing the unique topological properties of non-Hermitian networks |
| title | Quantized decay charges in non-Hermitian networks characterized by directed graphs |
| topic | Quantum Physics Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11322 |