CLASSY XII: Nitrogen Enrichment Shaped by Gas Density and Feedback
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Arellano-Córdova, Karla Z. Berg, Danielle A. Mingozzi, Matilde James, Bethan L. Vincenzo, Fiorenzo Rogers, Noah S. J. Skillman, Evan D. Amorín, Ricardo O. Cullen, Fergus Flury, Sophia R. Abril-Melgarejo, Valentina Chisholm, John Heckman, Timothy Hayes, Matthew J. Hernandez, Svea Kumari, Nimisha Kobayashi, Chiaki Leitherer, Claus Martin, Crystal L. Martinez, Zorayda Nanayakkara, Themiya Parker, Kaelee S. Senchyna, Peter Scarlata, Claudia Stephenson, Mabel G. Wofford, Aida Xu, Xinfeng Zhu, Peixin |
| author_facet | Arellano-Córdova, Karla Z. Berg, Danielle A. Mingozzi, Matilde James, Bethan L. Vincenzo, Fiorenzo Rogers, Noah S. J. Skillman, Evan D. Amorín, Ricardo O. Cullen, Fergus Flury, Sophia R. Abril-Melgarejo, Valentina Chisholm, John Heckman, Timothy Hayes, Matthew J. Hernandez, Svea Kumari, Nimisha Kobayashi, Chiaki Leitherer, Claus Martin, Crystal L. Martinez, Zorayda Nanayakkara, Themiya Parker, Kaelee S. Senchyna, Peter Scarlata, Claudia Stephenson, Mabel G. Wofford, Aida Xu, Xinfeng Zhu, Peixin |
| contents | We investigate the chemical evolution of N/O using a sample of 45 local star-forming galaxies (SFGs) from the CLASSY survey. This sample spans a wide range of galaxy properties, with robust determinations of nitrogen and oxygen abundances via the direct-$T_{\rm e}$ method. We explore how N/O relates to density structure, stellar mass, star formation rate (SFR), stellar age, compactness, and gas kinematics. In addition, we compare our results with those of galaxies at $z =2-10$ where N/O ratios were derived from optical or UV nitrogen lines, aiming to identify chemical enrichment pathways across cosmic time. Our analysis shows that the N/O-O/H relation in CLASSY galaxies aligns with the trends seen in local galaxies and extragalactic HII regions, and that galaxies at $z = 2-6$ exhibit similar N/O values, indicating no significant redshift evolution in N/O for a fixed metallicity. We identify a significant correlation between electron density $n_{\rm e}$([S II]) and N/O, suggesting that density structure contributes to the scatter in the N/O-O/H relation. The CLASSY galaxies with high SFRs or compact star formation show elevated N/O, though no strong correlation with stellar mass is found. We also find that high-velocity outflows (v$_{out}$ > 350 km/s) and low mass-loading factors are linked to elevated N/O, indicating that feedback plays a significant role. These results highlight the importance of density, star formation, and feedback from young stellar populations in shaping N/O enrichment and provide key insights for interpreting high-$z$ galaxies observed with JWST. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_11658 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | CLASSY XII: Nitrogen Enrichment Shaped by Gas Density and Feedback Arellano-Córdova, Karla Z. Berg, Danielle A. Mingozzi, Matilde James, Bethan L. Vincenzo, Fiorenzo Rogers, Noah S. J. Skillman, Evan D. Amorín, Ricardo O. Cullen, Fergus Flury, Sophia R. Abril-Melgarejo, Valentina Chisholm, John Heckman, Timothy Hayes, Matthew J. Hernandez, Svea Kumari, Nimisha Kobayashi, Chiaki Leitherer, Claus Martin, Crystal L. Martinez, Zorayda Nanayakkara, Themiya Parker, Kaelee S. Senchyna, Peter Scarlata, Claudia Stephenson, Mabel G. Wofford, Aida Xu, Xinfeng Zhu, Peixin Astrophysics of Galaxies We investigate the chemical evolution of N/O using a sample of 45 local star-forming galaxies (SFGs) from the CLASSY survey. This sample spans a wide range of galaxy properties, with robust determinations of nitrogen and oxygen abundances via the direct-$T_{\rm e}$ method. We explore how N/O relates to density structure, stellar mass, star formation rate (SFR), stellar age, compactness, and gas kinematics. In addition, we compare our results with those of galaxies at $z =2-10$ where N/O ratios were derived from optical or UV nitrogen lines, aiming to identify chemical enrichment pathways across cosmic time. Our analysis shows that the N/O-O/H relation in CLASSY galaxies aligns with the trends seen in local galaxies and extragalactic HII regions, and that galaxies at $z = 2-6$ exhibit similar N/O values, indicating no significant redshift evolution in N/O for a fixed metallicity. We identify a significant correlation between electron density $n_{\rm e}$([S II]) and N/O, suggesting that density structure contributes to the scatter in the N/O-O/H relation. The CLASSY galaxies with high SFRs or compact star formation show elevated N/O, though no strong correlation with stellar mass is found. We also find that high-velocity outflows (v$_{out}$ > 350 km/s) and low mass-loading factors are linked to elevated N/O, indicating that feedback plays a significant role. These results highlight the importance of density, star formation, and feedback from young stellar populations in shaping N/O enrichment and provide key insights for interpreting high-$z$ galaxies observed with JWST. |
| title | CLASSY XII: Nitrogen Enrichment Shaped by Gas Density and Feedback |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11658 |