Scrutinizing the cosmogenic origin of the KM3-230213A event: A Multimessenger Perspective
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arXiv
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Cermenati, Alessandro Ambrosone, Antonio Aloisio, Roberto Boncioli, Denise Evoli, Carmelo |
| author_facet | Cermenati, Alessandro Ambrosone, Antonio Aloisio, Roberto Boncioli, Denise Evoli, Carmelo |
| contents | The recent detection of the neutrino event KM3-230213A ($\sim$~220 PeV) by the KM3NeT/ARCA telescope, the most energetic ever observed, could represent the long-awaited evidence for a cosmogenic origin, arising from the interaction of an ultra-high-energy cosmic ray with background photons. Its secure confirmation would mark a major advance in high-energy astrophysics. We perform a self-consistent multimessenger transport calculation of protons and their secondary $γ$-rays and neutrinos from cosmologically evolving sources, confronting predictions with data from the Pierre Auger Observatory, IceCube, KM3NeT, and the Fermi-LAT isotropic $γ$-ray background. A steep sub-ankle proton component saturates the diffuse $γ$-ray background and is disfavoured, whereas a hard proton spectrum extending beyond $10^{20}$~eV with evolution $\propto (1+z)^3$ reproduces KM3-230213A without violating any limits. This scenario requires a proton fraction $\lesssim 10$\% at $3\times 10^{19}$~eV and excludes faster-evolving sources. Joint UHE-neutrino and $γ$-ray observations thus sharpen constraints on extragalactic cosmic-ray sources and set targets for AugerPrime and next-generation neutrino telescopes. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_11993 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Scrutinizing the cosmogenic origin of the KM3-230213A event: A Multimessenger Perspective Cermenati, Alessandro Ambrosone, Antonio Aloisio, Roberto Boncioli, Denise Evoli, Carmelo High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena High Energy Physics - Phenomenology The recent detection of the neutrino event KM3-230213A ($\sim$~220 PeV) by the KM3NeT/ARCA telescope, the most energetic ever observed, could represent the long-awaited evidence for a cosmogenic origin, arising from the interaction of an ultra-high-energy cosmic ray with background photons. Its secure confirmation would mark a major advance in high-energy astrophysics. We perform a self-consistent multimessenger transport calculation of protons and their secondary $γ$-rays and neutrinos from cosmologically evolving sources, confronting predictions with data from the Pierre Auger Observatory, IceCube, KM3NeT, and the Fermi-LAT isotropic $γ$-ray background. A steep sub-ankle proton component saturates the diffuse $γ$-ray background and is disfavoured, whereas a hard proton spectrum extending beyond $10^{20}$~eV with evolution $\propto (1+z)^3$ reproduces KM3-230213A without violating any limits. This scenario requires a proton fraction $\lesssim 10$\% at $3\times 10^{19}$~eV and excludes faster-evolving sources. Joint UHE-neutrino and $γ$-ray observations thus sharpen constraints on extragalactic cosmic-ray sources and set targets for AugerPrime and next-generation neutrino telescopes. |
| title | Scrutinizing the cosmogenic origin of the KM3-230213A event: A Multimessenger Perspective |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11993 |